Page No-137

Let us do these activities before we read.

I. Look at the pictures given below and sort them into natural and man-made wonders.

(ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଅର୍ଥ: ତଳେ ଦିଆଯାଇଥିବା ଚିତ୍ରଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ଦେଖ ଏବଂ ସେଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ପ୍ରାକୃତିକ (natural) ଏବଂ ମଣିଷକୃତ (man-made) ଆଶ୍ଚର୍ଯ୍ୟଜନକ ଜିନିଷ ଭାବରେ ସଜାଅ।)

Answers:

Natural: 3, 7, 8

Man-made: 1, 2, 4, 5, 6

II. Which of these wonders—man-made or natural—are more appealing and why? Share your answers with your classmates and teacher.

(ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଅର୍ଥ: ଏହି ଆଶ୍ଚର୍ଯ୍ୟଜନକ ଜିନିଷଗୁଡ଼ିକ ମଧ୍ୟରୁ କେଉଁଟି—ମଣିଷକୃତ ନା ପ୍ରାକୃତିକ—ଅଧିକ ଆକର୍ଷଣୀୟ ଏବଂ କାହିଁକି? ତୁମର ସହପାଠୀ ଏବଂ ଶିକ୍ଷକଙ୍କ ସହ ଉତ୍ତର ଆଲୋଚନା କର।)

Answer: Both are appealing in their own ways, but natural wonders are often more appealing to me. This is because natural wonders are created over thousands or millions of years without any human interference. Their vastness, mysterious origins, and sheer beauty make them feel magical and deeply peaceful. Man-made wonders are impressive for their engineering, but nature's creations show the supreme power of the earth.

(ଉଭୟ ନିଜ ନିଜ ଢଙ୍ଗରେ ଆକର୍ଷଣୀୟ, କିନ୍ତୁ ପ୍ରାକୃତିକ ଜିନିଷଗୁଡ଼ିକ ମୋତେ ଅଧିକ ଆକର୍ଷଣୀୟ ଲାଗେ। ଏହାର କାରଣ ହେଉଛି ପ୍ରାକୃତିକ ଜିନିଷଗୁଡ଼ିକ ମଣିଷର ବିନା ହସ୍ତକ୍ଷେପରେ ହଜାର ହଜାର କିମ୍ବା ଲକ୍ଷ ଲକ୍ଷ ବର୍ଷ ଧରି ସୃଷ୍ଟି ହୋଇଥାଏ। ସେଗୁଡ଼ିକର ବିଶାଳତା, ରହସ୍ୟମୟ ଉତ୍ପତ୍ତି ଏବଂ ଅପରୂପ ସୌନ୍ଦର୍ଯ୍ୟ ସେଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ଯାଦୁକରୀ ଏବଂ ଶାନ୍ତିଦାୟକ କରିଥାଏ। ମଣିଷକୃତ ଜିନିଷଗୁଡ଼ିକ ନିର୍ମାଣ କୌଶଳ ପାଇଁ ପ୍ରଶଂସନୀୟ, କିନ୍ତୁ ପ୍ରକୃତିର ସୃଷ୍ଟି ପୃଥିବୀର ସର୍ବୋଚ୍ଚ ଶକ୍ତିକୁ ଦର୍ଶାଏ।)

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III. Work in pairs. Write down two wonders of nature that have amazed you. Discuss what makes them impressive. Share your answers with your classmates and teacher.

(ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଅର୍ଥ: ଯୋଡ଼ି ହୋଇ କାମ କର। ପ୍ରକୃତିର ଦୁଇଟି ଆଶ୍ଚର୍ଯ୍ୟଜନକ ଜିନିଷ ଲେଖ ଯାହା ତୁମକୁ ଆଶ୍ଚର୍ଯ୍ୟ କରିଛି। ସେଗୁଡ଼ିକ କାହିଁକି ଏତେ ପ୍ରଭାବଶାଳୀ ତାହା ଆଲୋଚନା କର।)

Answer:

1.The Northern Lights (Aurora Borealis): They are impressive because they look like magical, glowing green and pink curtains dancing in the night sky, created completely by natural magnetic forces.

2.The Grand Canyon: It is impressive because of its massive size, deep valleys, and the beautiful, colourful layers of rock that took the river millions of years to carve.

(୧. ଦି ନର୍ଦର୍ଣ୍ଣ ଲାଇଟସ୍ (ମେରୁ ଜ୍ୟୋତି): ଏଗୁଡ଼ିକ ପ୍ରଭାବଶାଳୀ କାରଣ ଏଗୁଡ଼ିକ ରାତି ଆକାଶରେ ନାଚୁଥିବା ଯାଦୁକରୀ, ଉଜ୍ଜ୍ୱଳ ସବୁଜ ଏବଂ ଗୋଲାପୀ ପରଦା ଭଳି ଦେଖାଯାଏ, ଯାହା ସମ୍ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ରୂପେ ପ୍ରାକୃତିକ ଚୁମ୍ବକୀୟ ଶକ୍ତି ଦ୍ୱାରା ସୃଷ୍ଟି ହୋଇଥାଏ।)

(୨. ଦି ଗ୍ରାଣ୍ଡ କ୍ୟାନିଅନ୍: ଏହା ଏହାର ବିଶାଳ ଆକାର, ଗଭୀର ଉପତ୍ୟକା ଏବଂ ସୁନ୍ଦର, ରଙ୍ଗୀନ ପଥର ସ୍ତରଗୁଡ଼ିକ ପାଇଁ ପ୍ରଭାବଶାଳୀ, ଯାହାକୁ କାଟିବା ପାଇଁ ନଦୀକୁ ଲକ୍ଷ ଲକ୍ଷ ବର୍ଷ ଲାଗିଥିଲା।)

IV. Work in groups of four. Complete the web chart given below with words that you associate with the phrase, 'Nature's Power'. Share your answers with your classmates and teacher.

(ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଅର୍ଥ: ଚାରି ଜଣିଆ ଦଳରେ କାମ କର। 'ପ୍ରକୃତିର ଶକ୍ତି' ବାକ୍ୟାଂଶ ସହିତ ତୁମେ ଯୋଡୁଥିବା ଶବ୍ଦଗୁଡ଼ିକ ସହ ନିମ୍ନରେ ଦିଆଯାଇଥିବା ୱେବ୍ ଚାର୍ଟଟିକୁ ପୂରଣ କର।)

Answer:

Words to add to the 'Nature's Power' web chart: 🌪️ Earthquakes, 🌋 Volcanoes, 🌊 Tsunamis, ⛈️ Thunderstorms, 🌀 Hurricanes, ❄️ Avalanches.

Let us discuss (Page 142)

I. Complete the information in the table given below. One example has been done for you. Share your answers with your classmates and teacher.

(ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଅର୍ଥ: ନିମ୍ନରେ ଦିଆଯାଇଥିବା ଟେବୁଲରେ ତଥ୍ୟ ପୂରଣ କର। ତୁମ ପାଇଁ ଗୋଟିଏ ଉଦାହରଣ ଦିଆଯାଇଛି। ତୁମର ସହପାଠୀ ଏବଂ ଶିକ୍ଷକଙ୍କ ସହ ଉତ୍ତର ଆଲୋଚନା କର।)

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Let us think and reflect (Page 142-144)

I. Read the given extracts and answer the questions that follow.

Extract 1:

India is home to some of the most mystifying natural phenomena that surprise and spark our imagination.

Q(i) Replace the underlined phrase (spark our imagination) with one from the extract. India is the birthplace of several rare species of flora and fauna that thrive in its diverse ecosystems.

(ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଅର୍ଥ: ରେଖାଙ୍କିତ ବାକ୍ୟାଂଶକୁ ଅନୁଚ୍ଛେଦରୁ ଏକ ବାକ୍ୟାଂଶ ସହ ବଦଳାଅ।)

A(i) ...that surprise and spark our imagination.

Q(ii) What does the phrase 'nature's unusual side' suggest about the phenomena described?

(ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଅର୍ଥ: 'ପ୍ରକୃତିର ଅସାଧାରଣ ଦିଗ' ବାକ୍ୟାଂଶଟି ବର୍ଣ୍ଣିତ ଘଟଣାଗୁଡ଼ିକ ବିଷୟରେ କ'ଣ ସୂଚାଏ?)

A(ii) It suggests that these phenomena are rare, puzzling, and defy normal expectations or simple logical explanations. They highlight the magical and mysterious aspects of the natural world.

(ଏହା ସୂଚାଏ ଯେ ଏହି ଘଟଣାଗୁଡ଼ିକ ବିରଳ, ଆଶ୍ଚର୍ଯ୍ୟଜନକ ଏବଂ ସାଧାରଣ ଲୋକଙ୍କ ଆଶା କିମ୍ବା ସାଧାରଣ ଯୁକ୍ତିକୁ ଅତିକ୍ରମ କରିଥାଏ। ସେଗୁଡ଼ିକ ପ୍ରାକୃତିକ ଜଗତର ଯାଦୁକରୀ ଏବଂ ରହସ୍ୟମୟ ଦିଗକୁ ଆଲୋକପାତ କରନ୍ତି।)

Q(iii) Complete the similarity by choosing the correct option.

Spark: imagination:: ___________

A. inspiration; creativity

B. wonder; amazement

C. effort; reward

D. knowledge; books

A(iii) A. inspiration; creativity

Q(iv) Identify whether the following statement is true or false.

Some natural phenomena can surprise people.

A(iv) True

Extract 2:

Have you seen things disappearing in front of your eyes? Well, such things happen at times, when we keep things at some place, and just forget where we have kept them. But, what if there's a sea that disappears? This happens in Odisha. It is a beach in the Balasore district where one can witness the sea disappearing mysteriously-the Chandipur Beach which is known for its unique feature of playing hide-and-seek with its visitors.

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Q(i) Complete the following sentence with a suitable reason.

The writer's most likely purpose to introduce the information about the Chandipur Beach phenomenon with a question is to _______________.

(engage the reader's curiosity and create a sense of suspense / draw the reader to learn more about the unusual phenomenon / set the tone for the surprising nature of the content that follows)

A(i) The writer's most likely purpose is to engage the reader's curiosity and create a sense of suspense.

Q(ii) Select the option that is correct for both Assertion (A) and Reason (R).

(A): Chandipur Beach in Odisha is known for its unique feature of the sea disappearing.

(R): The tides retreat drastically, exposing the Chandipur beach.

A. Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

B. Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

C. (A) is true, but (R) is false.

D. (A) is false, but (R) is true.

A(ii) A. Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Q(iii) What does the term 'unique' suggest about the beach in Balasore?

A. very popular

B. one of its kind

C. ancient place

D. far from city

A(iii) B. one of its kind

Q(iv) What does the writer want to convey with the use of the phrase 'playing hide-and-seek with its visitors'?

(ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଅର୍ଥ: 'ଏହାର ପରିଦର୍ଶକଙ୍କ ସହ ଲୁଚକାଳି ଖେଳିବା' ବାକ୍ୟାଂଶର ବ୍ୟବହାର ମାଧ୍ୟମରେ ଲେଖକ କ'ଣ କହିବାକୁ ଚାହୁଁଛନ୍ତି?)

A(iv) The writer wants to convey that the sea at Chandipur Beach behaves playfully and mysteriously. Just like in a game of hide-and-seek, the sea water literally vanishes from sight for a few kilometres and then reappears later, leaving the visitors amazed.

(ଲେଖକ କହିବାକୁ ଚାହୁଁଛନ୍ତି ଯେ ଚାନ୍ଦିପୁର ବେଳାଭୂମିରେ ସମୁଦ୍ରର ଆଚରଣ ଖେଳୁଆଡ଼ ଏବଂ ରହସ୍ୟମୟ ଅଟେ। ଲୁଚକାଳି ଖେଳ ଭଳି, ସମୁଦ୍ରର ପାଣି କିଛି କିଲୋମିଟର ପର୍ଯ୍ୟନ୍ତ ଦୃଷ୍ଟିରୁ ଉଭାନ ହୋଇଯାଏ ଏବଂ ପରେ ପୁଣି ଦେଖାଯାଏ, ଯାହା ପରିଦର୍ଶକମାନଙ୍କୁ ଆଶ୍ଚର୍ଯ୍ୟ କରିଦିଏ।)

II. Answer the following questions.

Q1. How are the living root bridges a boon for the local people of Meghalaya?

(ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଅର୍ଥ: ମେଘାଳୟର ସ୍ଥାନୀୟ ଲୋକଙ୍କ ପାଇଁ ଜୀବନ୍ତ ଚେରର ପୋଲଗୁଡ଼ିକ କିପରି ଏକ ବରଦାନ ଅଟେ?)

A1. In the past, crossing waterways during heavy monsoons in Meghalaya was very difficult, and wooden or bamboo bridges would easily wash away. The living root bridges, made of intertwined roots, are a boon because they are naturally strong, survive the heavy rains, and can persist for hundreds of years, providing a safe and permanent crossing for the locals.

(ଅତୀତରେ, ମେଘାଳୟରେ ପ୍ରବଳ ବର୍ଷା ସମୟରେ ଜଳପଥ ପାର ହେବା ବହୁତ କଷ୍ଟକର ଥିଲା, ଏବଂ କାଠ ବା ବାଉଁଶର ପୋଲ ସହଜରେ ଭାସିଯାଉଥିଲା। ପରସ୍ପର ଛନ୍ଦି ହୋଇ ରହିଥିବା ଚେରରୁ ତିଆରି ଏହି ଜୀବନ୍ତ ପୋଲଗୁଡ଼ିକ ଏକ ବରଦାନ ଅଟେ କାରଣ ସେଗୁଡ଼ିକ ପ୍ରାକୃତିକ ଭାବରେ ଦୃଢ଼, ପ୍ରବଳ ବର୍ଷାକୁ ସହ୍ୟ କରିପାରନ୍ତି ଏବଂ ଶହ ଶହ ବର୍ଷ ଧରି ତିଷ୍ଠି ରହିପାରନ୍ତି, ଯାହାକି ସ୍ଥାନୀୟ ଲୋକଙ୍କୁ ଏକ ସୁରକ୍ଷିତ ତଥା ସ୍ଥାୟୀ ରାସ୍ତା ଯୋଗାଇଥାଏ।)

Q2. Why is the Lonar Crater Lake considered a remarkable and rare site?

(ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଅର୍ଥ: ଲୋନାର କ୍ରେଟର ହ୍ରଦକୁ ଏକ ଉଲ୍ଲେଖନୀୟ ଏବଂ ବିରଳ ସ୍ଥାନ ଭାବରେ କାହିଁକି ବିବେଚନା କରାଯାଏ?)

A2. The Lonar Crater Lake is considered remarkable and rare because it is the only crater in India formed in basaltic rock by a massive meteorite impact. It has a unique saline lake at its core and is ranked among the top five largest craters globally, offering a rare blend of celestial impact and terrestrial beauty.

(ଲୋନାର କ୍ରେଟର ହ୍ରଦକୁ ଉଲ୍ଲେଖନୀୟ ଏବଂ ବିରଳ ବିବେଚନା କରାଯାଏ କାରଣ ଏହା ଭାରତର ଏକମାତ୍ର କ୍ରେଟର (ଗାତ) ଯାହାକି ବାସାଲ୍ଟିକ୍ ପଥର ଉପରେ ଏକ ବିଶାଳ ଉଲ୍କାପିଣ୍ଡ ମାଡ଼ ହେବା ଫଳରେ ସୃଷ୍ଟି ହୋଇଥିଲା। ଏହାର କେନ୍ଦ୍ରରେ ଏକ ଅଦ୍ୱିତୀୟ ଲୁଣିଆ ହ୍ରଦ ଅଛି ଏବଂ ଏହାକୁ ବିଶ୍ୱର ଶ୍ରେଷ୍ଠ ପାଞ୍ଚଟି ବୃହତ୍ତମ କ୍ରେଟର ମଧ୍ୟରେ ଗଣାଯାଏ। ଏହା ମହାଜାଗତିକ ଧକ୍କା ଏବଂ ପାର୍ଥିବ ସୌନ୍ଦର୍ଯ୍ୟର ଏକ ବିରଳ ମିଶ୍ରଣ ପ୍ରଦାନ କରେ।)

Q3. What is the writer's purpose of highlighting the awe-inspiring natural wonders of India?

(ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଅର୍ଥ: ଭାରତର ଆଶ୍ଚର୍ଯ୍ୟଜନକ ପ୍ରାକୃତିକ ବିସ୍ମୟଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ଉଜାଗର କରିବାରେ ଲେଖକଙ୍କର ଉଦ୍ଦେଶ୍ୟ କ'ଣ?)

A3. The writer's purpose is to showcase the mystique and enigmatic charm of India's landscapes. By highlighting these wonders, the writer aims to captivate the readers' senses, challenge their normal understanding of the world, and remind them of the extraordinary, magical forces of nature that shape our environment.

(ଲେଖକଙ୍କ ଉଦ୍ଦେଶ୍ୟ ହେଉଛି ଭାରତର ଭୂଦୃଶ୍ୟର ରହସ୍ୟ ଏବଂ ଆକର୍ଷଣକୁ ପ୍ରଦର୍ଶନ କରିବା। ଏହି ଆଶ୍ଚର୍ଯ୍ୟଜନକ ଜିନିଷଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ଉଜାଗର କରିବା ଦ୍ୱାରା, ଲେଖକ ପାଠକମାନଙ୍କୁ ଆକର୍ଷିତ କରିବା, ଦୁନିଆ ବିଷୟରେ ସେମାନଙ୍କର ସାଧାରଣ ଚିନ୍ତାଧାରାକୁ ଆହ୍ୱାନ ଦେବା ଏବଂ ଆମ ପରିବେଶକୁ ଆକାର ଦେଉଥିବା ପ୍ରକୃତିର ଅସାଧାରଣ ତଥା ଯାଦୁକରୀ ଶକ୍ତି ବିଷୟରେ ସେମାନଙ୍କୁ ମନେ ପକାଇଦେବାକୁ ଚାହୁଁଛନ୍ତି।)

Q4. Which of these unusual phenomena did you find the most interesting and why?

(ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଅର୍ଥ: ଏହି ଅସାଧାରଣ ଘଟଣାଗୁଡ଼ିକ ମଧ୍ୟରୁ କେଉଁଟି ତୁମକୁ ସବୁଠାରୁ ଅଧିକ ଆକର୍ଷଣୀୟ ଲାଗିଲା ଏବଂ କାହିଁକି?)

A4. I found the glowing waters of Kumbalangi in Kerala the most interesting. The idea of the sea magically lighting up and glowing at night due to bioluminescence seems like something straight out of a fairy tale. It must be a breathtaking and highly peaceful sight to witness.

(କେରଳର କୁମ୍ବାଲାଙ୍ଗିର ଉଜ୍ଜ୍ୱଳ ଜଳ (ଗ୍ଲୋଇଂ ୱାଟର୍ସ) ମୋତେ ସବୁଠାରୁ ଅଧିକ ଆକର୍ଷଣୀୟ ଲାଗିଲା। ବାୟୋଲ୍ୟୁମିନେସେନ୍ସ (ଜୀବଦୀପ୍ତି) କାରଣରୁ ରାତିରେ ସମୁଦ୍ର ଯାଦୁକରୀ ଭାବରେ ଆଲୋକିତ ହେବା ଏବଂ ଉଜ୍ଜ୍ୱଳ ଦେଖାଯିବାର ଚିନ୍ତାଧାରା କୌଣସି ପରୀ କାହାଣୀ ଭଳି ଲାଗୁଛି। ଏହାକୁ ଦେଖିବା ନିଶ୍ଚିତ ଭାବରେ ଏକ ମନୋରମ ଏବଂ ଅତ୍ୟନ୍ତ ଶାନ୍ତିଦାୟକ ଦୃଶ୍ୟ ହୋଇଥିବ।)

Let us learn (Page 144-147)

I. Fill in the blanks with the correct expressions from the text given in the box below.

(Box words: came into existence, to no end, in full glory, in disbelief, to name a few, age-old problem)

Q1. I have read many stories to name a few. (Wait, "to no end" might fit better depending on context. Let's look at the others first). Let's use: I have read many stories to no end. (Meaning endlessly)

Q2. Do you know when this little town came into existence?

Q3. His hard work has helped him to no end. (Ah, then Q1 could be "to name a few"). Let's correct:

1. I have read many stories, to name a few.

2. Do you know when this little town came into existence?

3. His hard work has helped him to no end.

   Q4. There are no simple solutions to the age-old problem of traffic jams.

   Q5. He opened the ancient wooden box and stared at the treasure in disbelief.

   Q6. The garden is in full glory in spring with lots of beautiful flowers in bloom.

II. Select the correct synonyms from the box given below that match the list of words in 1-5. You may refer to a thesaurus.

(Box words: colossal, exotic, spectacular, serene, enigmatic)

Q1. mysterious, puzzling, baffling ➡️ enigmatic

Q2. mighty, gigantic, huge ➡️ colossal

Q3. breath-taking, stunning, awe-inspiring ➡️ spectacular

Q4. peaceful, calm, tranquil ➡️ serene

Q5. unusual, peculiar, foreign ➡️ exotic

III. The expressions 'hide-and-seek' and 'flora and fauna' are used in the text. These are a pair of fixed words joined by 'and' or 'or'.

Match the pair of fixed words in Column 1 with their meanings in Column 2.

Use the binomials given in Column 1 in sentences of your own.

• Odds and ends: I spent the whole morning clearing the drawers of odds and ends.

• On and off: It rained on and off all day yesterday.

• Mix and match: You can mix and match these clothes to create different outfits.

• All or nothing: When he plays sports, it's an all or nothing effort for him.

• Part and parcel: Making mistakes is part and parcel of learning a new language.

• Pick and choose: The store has so many toys that children can easily pick and choose their favourites.

• Sooner or later: Sooner or later, you will have to face your fears.

• Leaps and bounds: Her English speaking skills have improved by leaps and bounds this year.

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IV. Now, fill in the blanks using present participle or past participle form of the verbs in the box given below.

(Box words: amaze, carve, stand, scatter, glow)

Q1. The glowing marble monument looks even more spectacular in the moonlight.

Q2. The amazing view of the Himalayas from Darjeeling attracts visitors from all over the world.

Q3. The Sun Temple in Konark features intricately carved stone wheels and walls.

Q4. Standing at a height of 182 m, the Statue of Unity is dedicated to Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel.

Q5. The scattered islands of the Andaman and Nicobar offer some of the cleanest beaches in India.

V. Underline the gerunds and participles in the following sentences. Write 'G' for gerunds and 'P' for participles in the space provided. One example has been done for you.

Q1. Dancing is a great way to express emotions. ➡️ G

Q2. Travelling can broaden your perspective. ➡️ G

Q3. The falling leaves signalled the arrival of autumn. ➡️ P

Q4. She enjoys cooking new recipes for her family. ➡️ G

Q5. Reading helps improve your vocabulary. ➡️ G

Q6. He watched the shimmering stars in the night sky. ➡️ P

Q7. Forgetting the keys inside, Kanchan locked the door. ➡️ P (Acting as an adjective phrase describing Kanchan)

VI. Combine the following pairs of sentences using participles or gerunds. You may use the clues given in brackets. One example has been done for you.

Example 1: Nitesh entered the room. He saw his friend sitting in the corner. (participle)

Answer: Entering the room, Nitesh saw his friend sitting in the corner.

Q2. Smitha walked carelessly. She slipped on the doormat. (participle)

A2. Walking carelessly, Smitha slipped on the doormat.

Q3. Sleep for eight hours. It is good for health. (gerund)

A3. Sleeping for eight hours is good for health.

Q4. Ranjith felt happy about the result. He called his parents. (participle)

A4. Feeling happy about the result, Ranjith called his parents.

Q5. Father encouraged Meena. Meena joined the course. (gerund)

A5. Father's encouraging helped Meena in joining the course. (Or: Father encouraged Meena's joining the course.)

Let us listen (Page 148)

I. You will listen to a brother and sister discuss a natural phenomenon. As you listen, mark the four true statements from 1-6 given below. (Transcript for teacher on page 153)

(Note: Based on the transcript provided on page 153 of the book)

1. The brother was taken aback to see the posted pictures. ➡️ False

2. The brother admitted to not knowing about his sister's favourite picture. ➡️ True

3. The sister stated that the rainbow mountain was like any other mountain. ➡️ False

4. The brother was aware of the reason for the formation of colours on the mountain. ➡️ True

5. The brother was surprised to learn about the mountain being covered with snow till recently. ➡️ True

6. The sister understood nature's role in the beauty of the mountain. ➡️ True

The four true statements are: 2, 4, 5, and 6.