Activity 1

Q: Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs given in brackets:

He (get) up early everyday. He (brush) his teeth and (have) his bath. He (take) a quick breakfast. He (not want) to be punished at school. So, he (set out) early to reach school in time. He (sit) on the same bench in my classroom. He (have) straight hair and a sharp nose. What is his name?

Answer:

He gets (ଉଠେ) up early everyday. He brushes (ଘଷେ) his teeth and has his bath (ଗାଧାଏ). He takes (ଖାଏ) a quick breakfast. He doesn't want (ଚାହେଁ ନାହିଁ) to be punished at school. So, he sets out (ବାହାରେ) early to reach school in time. He sits (ବସେ) on the same bench in my classroom. He has (ଅଛି) straight hair and a sharp nose. What is his name?

Activity 2

Q: Write the daily activity of an animal, for example, a cow/dog/cat/tiger/horse or any other animal/bird. Don't mention the name of the animal. For example, I'm a domestic animal. I have four legs and a long tail, etc. Let your friends guess what animal you have thought of.

Answer:

(Here is an example answer for a 'dog'.)

I'm an animal. People keep me (ମୋତେ ରଖନ୍ତି) at home. But I watch their houses (ଘର ଜଗେ). I have (ଅଛି) a long body with a curved (ବଙ୍କା) tail (ଲାଞ୍ଜ). I have a sharp muzzle (ମୁହଁ) with two hanging ears. I have a keen sense of hearing (ଶୁଣିବାର ପ୍ରଖର ଶକ୍ତି ଅଛି). My body is covered with fur (ଲୋମ). I have four long, slender (ସରୁ) legs. So I run (can run) (ଦୌଡ଼ିପାରେ) quickly. When I see food, I wag (ହଲାଏ) my tail. I feed on (ଖାଏ) bread, rice, meat, biscuits, etc. I snarl (ଖୁଙ୍କାରେ) at the strangers. Then guess (ଅନୁମାନ କର) who I am (ଅଟେ).

Activity 3

Q: Work in pairs, A and B. Your partner will tell you some sentences that are wrong. Correct your partner. Then speak your sentences and let your partner correct you. In this way complete all the sentences and at the end, write down the corrected answers.

Wrong sentences for A:

1.      Water freezes at $4^{\circ}C$.

2.      Cuttack is the capital of Odisha.

3.      The sun goes round the earth.

4.      Viswanathan Anand plays football.

5.      The Prime Minister of India lives in Mumbai.

Corrected Answers for A:

1.      Water freezes (ବରଫ ହୁଏ) at $0^{\circ}C$.

2.      Bhubaneswar is (ଅଟେ) the capital of Odisha.

3.      The earth goes (ଘୂରେ) round the sun.

4.      Viswanathan Anand plays (ଖେଳନ୍ତି) chess.

5.      The Prime Minister of India lives (ରହନ୍ତି) in New Delhi.

Wrong sentences for B:

1.      Water floats on oil.

2.      A rose is a kind of fruit.

3.      Sachin Tendulkar plays hockey.

4.      Vande Mataram is our National Anthem.

5.      New York is the capital of the USA.

Corrected Answers for B:

1.      Oil floats (ଭାସେ) on water.

2.      A rose is a kind of flower.

3.      Sachin Tendulkar plays cricket.

4.      Jana Gana Mana Adhi... is our National Anthem (ଜାତୀୟ ସଙ୍ଗୀତ).

5.      Washington DC is the capital of the U.S.A.

Activity 4

Q: Work in pairs. Match the following sentences (1-6) with the uses of the present simple and present progressive (a-f).

Answer:

Activity 5

Q: Look out through the window. What do you see? Write three sentences about the things that you see.

Answer:

1.      I see a farmer going to the field.

2.      I notice some girls picking flowers.

3.      I watch a flight of birds in the sky.

Activity 6

Q: Use either the present simple or the present progressive to complete the dialogue.

Seema: Hello Lopa, what (you / do) these days?

Lopa: Nothing much. I (learn) how to dance in a dancing school. What about you?

Seema: Me? I (work) at a training school. The school (offer) lessons on cooking.

Lopa: (you / like) the job?

Seema: Yes, of course. I (prefer) this job because I (also learn) a lot how to cook while working here.

Lopa: What (they / teach) now?

Seema: Right now they (give) lessons on Chinese food. You know, Chinese dishes (taste) so good!

Lopa: Can I join the classes someday?

Seema: Sure. They (want) more and more students to join their school. You are welcome.

Lopa: Thank you.

Answer:

Seema: Hello Lopa, what are you doing (କରୁଛ) these days?

Lopa: Nothing much. I am learning (ଶିଖୁଛି) how to dance in a dancing school. What about you?

Seema: Me? I am working (କାମ କରୁଛି) at a training school. The school offers (ଦିଏ) lessons on cooking.

Lopa: Do you like (ପସନ୍ଦ କର କି) the job?

Seema: Yes, of course. I prefer (ପସନ୍ଦ କରେ) this job because I am also learning (ମଧ୍ୟ ଶିଖୁଛି) a lot how to cook while working here.

Lopa: What are they teaching (ଶିଖାଉଛନ୍ତି) now?

Seema: Right now they are giving (ଦେଉଛନ୍ତି) lessons on Chinese food. You know, Chinese dishes taste (ଲାଗେ) so good!

Lopa: Can I join the classes someday?

Seema: Sure. They want (ଚାହାନ୍ତି) more and more students to join their school. You are welcome.

Lopa: Thank you.

Activity 1

Q: Complete the following conversation, using either the past simple or the present perfect form of the verb given in brackets.

Ashok: What are these people doing here? What (happen)?

Bini: There (be) an accident.

Ashok: An accident? What (happen) exactly?

Bini: A cat (run) across the road in front of a car. The driver (try) to apply the brake and (hit) the tree on the side of the road.

Ashok: When (it happen)?

Bini: About ten minutes ago.

Ashok: (anyone call) for an ambulance?

Bini: No, not yet. But the police (arrive). They will take care of that.

Ashok: This is the second accident we (have) here this week.

Bini: We should have a road hump here.

Answer:

Ashok: What are these people doing here? What has happened (ଘଟିଛି)?

Bini: There has been (ହୋଇଛି) an accident.

Ashok: An accident? What happened (ଘଟିଲା) exactly?

Bini: A cat ran (ଦୌଡ଼ିଗଲା) across the road in front of a car. The driver tried (ଚେଷ୍ଟାକଲା) to apply the brake and hit (ବାଡ଼େଇ ହୋଇଗଲା) the tree on the side of the road.

Ashok: When did it happen (ଏହା ଘଟିଲା)?

Bini: About ten minutes ago.

Ashok: Has anyone called (କେହି ଡାକିଛି କି) for an ambulance?

Bini: No, not yet. But the police have arrived (ଆସିଛନ୍ତି). They will take care of that.

Ashok: This is the second accident we have had (ଆମର ହେଲା) here this week.

Bini: We should have a road hump here.

Activity 2

Q: Make sentences using the present perfect progressive tense form of the verbs.

1.      Mr Das is very tired. (work hard)

Answer: Mr. Das has been working hard.

2.      Mr Das looks pale. (not feel well / all day)

Answer: Mr. Das hasn't been feeling well all day.

3.      Their son Ashok has got a headache. (watch TV / all evening)

Answer: Their son Ashok has been watching TV all evening.

4.      Their daughter Bini has got no money left. (buy clothes)

Answer: Their daughter Bini has been buying clothes.

5.      They are sitting idle and can't do anything. (rain / since the evening)

Answer: It has been raining since the evening.

Activity 3

Q: One sentence in each of the following pairs is wrong. Strike it off.

1.      I can go home now.

o    I have finished my class work.

o    I have been finishing my class work.

Answer: I have been finishing my class work. (Is wrong)

2.      You look tired.

o    Have you worked in the garden?

o    Have you been working in the garden?

Answer: Have you worked in the garden? (Is wrong)

3.      Tell the truth.

o    Have you broken the window?

o    Have you been breaking the window?

Answer: Have you been breaking the window? (Is wrong)

4.      Your eyes are red.

o    You have cried.

o    You have been crying.

Answer: You have cried. (Is wrong)

5.      Now you can live in that room.

o    We have repaired the roof.

o    We have been repairing the roof.

Answer: We have been repairing the roof. (Is wrong)

Activity 4

Q: Fill in the blanks with the past simple or present perfect forms of the verbs given in brackets.

Rahul: (you/see) Jagu last night?

Bakul: No, but I (just come) from his house. He's in bed. He (be) very ill for the last three days, actually.

Rahul: I'm sorry to hear that. So that's why he (not come) to the party last night.

Bakul: The doctor (see) him twice by now. He's coming again tomorrow. Oh, by the way, Jagu (send) your book.

Answer:

Rahul: Did you see (ଦେଖିଲ କି) Jagu last night?

Bakul: No, but I have just come (ଏବେ ଆସିଛି) from his house. He's in bed. He has been (ଅଛି) very ill for the last three days, actually.

Rahul: I'm sorry to hear that. So that's why he didn't come (ଆସିଲା ନାହିଁ) to the party last night.

Bakul: The doctor has seen (ଦେଖିଛନ୍ତି) him twice by now. He's coming again tomorrow. Oh, by the way, Jagu has sent (ପଠାଇଛି) your book.

Activity 5

Q: Combine the given sentences into single ones using the past perfect or the past simple forms of the verbs.

1.      The alarm clock rang. I woke up. = As soon as ...

Answer: As soon as the alarm clock rang, I woke up.

2.      I cleaned my teeth. I took bath. = After I ...

Answer: After I had cleaned my teeth, I took bath.

3.      I got dressed. I had breakfast. = When ...

Answer: When I had had breakfast, I got dressed.

4.      I brushed my teeth again. I looked at my watch. = When ...

Answer: When I looked at my watch, I brushed my teeth again.

5.      I looked at my watch. I realized I was late. = When ...

Answer: When I looked at my watch, I realized that I was late.

6.      I arrived at the school. I remembered it was Sunday. = When ...

Answer: When I arrived at the school, I remembered it was Sunday.

Activity 6

Q: Work in pairs A and B. ... try to combine them. (This activity asks students to create their own sentences. The solution key provides examples of correct combinations.)

Example Answers:

1.      When the bell had rung, the pupils stood for the prayer.

2.      After father had had a cup of tea, he set to work.

3.      The patient had died by the time the doctors came.

4.      When the rabbit woke up, the tortoise had touched the finishing point.

5.      After the meeting had ended, the people returned home.

Activity 7

Q: Fill in the blanks using the past simple or the past progressive forms of the verbs given in brackets.

Once when I (read) in my room, I (hear) a lot of noise outside. I (come) out and (see) that many people (run) in a particular direction. They (shout) at the top of their voice. They all (have) buckets and water pots in their hands. I (ask) them what the matter was. Somebody (point) at a house at the end of our village. I (see) that the house (burn). People (throw) water at the house in order to put out the fire. Very soon the fire (come) under control.

Answer:

Once when I was reading (ପଢୁଥିଲି) in my room, I heard (ଶୁଣିଲି) a lot of noise outside. I came out (ବାହାରି ଆସିଲି) and saw (ଦେଖିଲି) that many people were running (ଦୌଡୁଥିଲେ) in a particular direction. They were shouting (ଚିତ୍କାର କରୁଥିଲେ) at the top of their voice. They all had (ଥିଲା) buckets and water pots in their hands. I asked (ପଚାରିଲି) them what the matter was. Somebody pointed (ଦେଖାଇଲା) at a house at the end of our village. I saw (ଦେଖିଲି) that the house was burning (ଜଳୁଥିଲା). People were throwing (ଫିଙ୍ଗୁଥିଲେ) water at the house in order to put out the fire. Very soon the fire came (ଆସିଗଲା) under control.

Activity 8

Q: Use the past progressive or the past simple forms of the given verbs and rewrite the paragraph.

I (walk) along the street one day when I (see) something strange. I (notice) a person of the same height as me and (have) the same hair style. He (wear) clothes of the same colour and (carry) a school bag just as mine. He (just / cross) the road ahead of me but he (not/ avoid) me at all. I (be) sure of that. As he (go across) the road, I (follow) him.

Answer:

I was walking (ଯାଉଥିଲି) along the street one day when I saw (ଦେଖିଲି) something strange. I noticed (ଦେଖିଲି) a person of the same height as me and (he) had (ଥିଲା) the same hair style. He was wearing (ପିନ୍ଧିଥିଲା) clothes of the same colour and was carrying (ଧରିଥିଲା) a school bag just as mine. He was just crossing (ପାର ହେଉଥିଲା) the road ahead of me but he didn't avoid (ଏଡ଼ାଇ ଦେଲାନି) me at all. I was (ଥିଲି) sure of that. As he went across (ପାର ହେଲା) the road, I followed (ଅନୁସରଣ କଲି) him.

Activity 9

Q: Complete the following dialogue using the past perfect or the past perfect progressive forms of the verbs given in brackets.

Federer: My best moment in the match was when I realized that the game (finish) and I (become) the champion. I (win) at last. At that moment I (become) the best Tennis player of the world.

Reporter: And when you won, how long (you/play) Tennis?

Federer: I started just before I finished school. That means, I (play) for about six years when I won the Wimbledon.

Reporter: You (beat) some good players before you won that tournament.

Federer: Yes. Ever since I started as a Tennis professional, I (win) games regularly, until my injury.

Answer:

Federer: My best moment in the match was when I realized that the game had finished and I had become the champion. I had won at last. At that moment I had become the best Tennis player of the world.

Reporter: And when you won, how long had you been playing (ଖେଳି ଆସୁଥିଲ) Tennis?

Federer: I started just before I finished school. That means, I had been playing (ଖେଳୁଥିଲି) for about six years when I won the Wimbledon.

Reporter: You had beaten (ହରାଇଥିଲ) some good players before you won that tournament.

Federer: Yes. Ever since I started as a Tennis professional, I had been winning (ଜିତି ଆସୁଥିଲି) games regularly, until my injury

Activity 1

Q: Use shall/will in the blank spaces:

i. A friend is trying to move a heavy table. You say, "I ... give you a hand?"

Answer: Shall I give you a hand?

ii. "There is a lot of cleaning to do. You do the cleaning and I ... do the drying."

Answer: "There is a lot of cleaning to do. You do the cleaning and I will do the drying."

iii. A friend is carrying a lot of books to the library. You are going there anyway. You say, "I ... take them there if you like."

Answer: "I shall/will take them there if you like."

iv. I ... go and ask the clerk if he has a spare key.

Answer: I shall/will go and ask the clerk if he has a spare key.

Activity 2

Q: Work in small groups and write a four-line poem. Your first line should be one of the following expressions. The other three lines must be your creation and must start with I'll.

Answer:

(Here is an example poem based on one of the prompts.)

When I wake up tomorrow,

I'll rush to my little garden;

I'll play with the little butterfly;

I'll hop with the weaver-bird.

Activity 3

Q: In each of the following pairs of sentences, one is more natural and common. Cross out the more unusual ones.

i. Leave that. (I'll carry it. / I'm going to carry it) for you.

Answer: I'm going to carry it. (Is more unusual)

ii. Bye. (I'll see you / I'm going to see you) tomorrow.

Answer: I'm going to see you. (Is more unusual)

iii. (I'll post / I'm going to post) these letters for you if you like.

Answer: I'm going to post. (Is more unusual)

iv. I'm so tired. (I'll go / I'm going to go) to bed.

Answer: I'll go. (Is more unusual, "I'm going to go" is better here for intention)

(Note: The solution key marks "I'm going to go" as wrong, but "I'll go" is also acceptable as a spontaneous decision. However, following the provided solution key:

Answer (as per solution key): I'm going to go. (Is more unusual)

v. I'm so far behind with my studies that (I'll work / I'm going to work) next Sunday.

Answer: I'll work. (Is more unusual, "I'm going to work" is better for a plan)

Activity 4

Q: Some of the lines of their conversation are correct and some have mistakes. If a line is correct, put a tick mark. If a line has a mistake in it, underline the mistake and write the correct expression against the brackets.

1.      Where will you eat tonight? (1)

Answer: (✓)

2.      At home. I've got a cookery book, so I'll make a curry. (2)

Answer: (Mistake) Correct: I'm going to make a curry.

3.      Why not come to my place? I'm going to cook us both something. (3)

Answer: (Mistake) Correct: I will cook us both something. (It's a spontaneous offer)

4.      Won't you go to meet your Grandpa? (4)

Answer: (Mistake) Correct: Aren't you going to meet your Grandpa? (It's about a plan)

5.      No, he's left for the village. I'm not going to meet him for a month or so. (5)

Answer: (✓)

6.      O.K. I'm going to come round at 8 and I'll bring some ice-cream. (6)

Answer: (Mistake) Correct: I'll come round at 8... (It's a spontaneous decision/response)

7.      Fine. I'll see you then. (7)

Answer: (✓)

Activity 5

Q: Use in the blank spaces will/shall, be going to, or present progressive forms of the verbs given in brackets.

Mina: Would you like to come to watch a movie this weekend?

Nina: I'd like to, but I'm afraid (I/not/have) time.

Mina: Why? (what/do)?

Nina: Well, (my father/arrive) back from Delhi. He's been there for six months and (we/have) a big party to celebrate.

Mina: (he/not/be) too tired for a party after his long train journey?

Nina: Yes and no doubt (he/have) no proper food during the journey. So, on Saturday he can take it easy. But on Sunday, (all the family/come) on a picnic. (I/prepare) things all day on Saturday.

Mina: What a lot of work for you.

Nina: I don't mind. Other members of my family are helpful and we are well organized. In fact, (I/see) someone about hiring a cook this afternoon. So, I must go now or (I/not/get) to their shop before (they/close).

Mina: I hope (everything/go) well for you.

Nina: I'm sure (it/be) a great day. Provided (the weather/remain) fine.

Answer:

Mina: Would you like to come to watch a movie this weekend?

Nina: I'd like to, but I'm afraid I won't have time.

Mina: Why? What are you going to do (କ’ଣ କରିବାକୁ ଯାଉଛ)?

Nina: Well, my father is arriving (ଆସୁଛନ୍ତି) back from Delhi. He's been there for six months and we're having (ଆମେ କରୁଛୁ) a big party to celebrate.

Mina: Won't he be too tired for a party after his long train journey?

Nina: Yes and no doubt he will have no proper food during the journey. So, on Saturday he can take it easy. But on Sunday, all the family are coming on a picnic. I am going to prepare (ମୁଁ ପ୍ରସ୍ତୁତ କରିବି) things all day on Saturday.

Mina: What a lot of work for you.

Nina: I don't mind. Other members of my family are helpful and we are well organized. In fact, I'm going to see / I'm seeing someone about hiring a cook this afternoon. So, I must go now or I won't get to their shop before they close.

Mina: I hope everything will go well for you.

Nina: I'm sure it will be a great day. Provided the weather remains fine.

Activity 6

Q: Copy your time-table for next Thursday. On the basis of that write five sentences to mention what you are going to do that day.

Answer: (These are example sentences.)

1.      I'm participating (ଅଂଶଗ୍ରହଣ କରୁଛି) in a drawing competition in my school.

2.      I'm monitoring the class after the class.

3.      I'm collecting (ଆଦାୟ କରୁଛି) money for giving farewell to our headmaster.

4.      I'm going (ଯାଉଛି) to the market with my friends to buy a few things.

5.      I'm joining (ଯୋଗ ଦେଉଛି) the birthday party of my friend Jatin in the evening.

Activity 7

Q: Use either will be v-ing or will have v-en in the blank spaces in the following lines. The verbs have been given in brackets.

i. Our school closes at 4.30. I (take) some snacks at home at five o'clock.

Answer: Our school closes at 4.30. I will be taking (ଖାଉଥିବି) some snacks at home at five o'clock.

ii. Our school closes at 4.30. I (reach) home by five o'clock.

Answer: Our school closes at 4.30. I will have reached (ପହଞ୍ଚି ସାରିଥିବି) home by five o'clock.

iii. They (not/finish) painting the school building until next week.

Answer: They won't have finished (ସାରି ନଥିବେ) painting the school building until next week.

iv. You (take) a test on English Grammar this day next week.

Answer: You will be taking (ଦେଉଥିବ) a test on English Grammar this day next week.

v. Our teacher (work) here for next five years.

Answer: Our teacher will be working (କାମ କରୁଥିବେ) here for next five years.

vi. By the time you read this, I (finish) answering all the questions.

Answer: By the time you read this, I will have finished (ସାରି ଦେଇଥିବି) answering all the questions.