Direct and Indirect Speech тАУ Book Q A Class 10 English Grammar
Direct and Indirect Speech
тЬНя╕П Activity 1
Instructions (English): A nationally famous magician has arrived in your city. His magic show has proved to be amazingly popular. Different local newspapers have given their comments on his performance as follows. Put their comments in reported speech.
Instructions (Odia): рмЬрмгрнЗ рмЬрм╛рмдрнАрнЯ рм╕рнНрмдрм░рм░ рмкрнНрм░рм╕рм┐рмжрнНрмз рмпрм╛рмжрнБрмХрм░ рмдрнБрмо рм╕рм╣рм░рмХрнБ рмЖрм╕рм┐рмЫрмирнНрмдрм┐ред рмдрм╛рмЩрнНрмХрм░ рмпрм╛рмжрнБ рмкрнНрм░рмжрм░рнНрм╢рми рмЖрм╢рнНрмЪрм░рнНрмпрнНрнЯрмЬрмирмХ рмнрм╛рммрнЗ рм▓рнЛрмХрмкрнНрм░рм┐рнЯ рм╣рнЛрмЗрмЫрм┐ред рммрм┐рмнрм┐рмирнНрми рм╕рнНрмерм╛рмирнАрнЯ рмЦрммрм░рмХрм╛рмЧрмЬ рмдрм╛рмЩрнНрмХ рмкрнНрм░рмжрм░рнНрм╢рми рмЙрмкрм░рнЗ рмирм┐рморнНрмирм▓рм┐рмЦрм┐рмд рмормирнНрмдрммрнНрнЯ рмжрнЗрмЗрмЫрмирнНрмдрм┐ред рм╕рнЗрморм╛рмирмЩрнНрмХ рмормирнНрмдрммрнНрнЯрмХрнБ Reported Speech (рмкрм░рнЛрмХрнНрм╖ рмЙрмХрнНрмдрм┐) рм░рнЗ рм▓рнЗрмЦрмирнНрмдрнБред
| Direct Speech (рмкрнНрм░рмдрнНрнЯрмХрнНрм╖ рмЙрмХрнНрмдрм┐) | Reported Speech (English) | Reported Speech (Odia) | |
| 1. | тАЬThe show is brilliant,тАЭ the Samaj. | The Samaj reported that the show was brilliant. | 'рм╕рморм╛рмЬ' рм░рм┐рмкрнЛрм░рнНрмЯ рмХрм▓рм╛ рмпрнЗ рмкрнНрм░рмжрм░рнНрм╢рмирмЯрм┐ рмЪрмормдрнНрмХрм╛рм░ рмерм┐рм▓рм╛ред |
| 2. | тАЬIt made me jump up in delight,тАЭ the reporters from the Sambad. | The reporters from the Sambad said that it had made them jump up in delight. | 'рм╕рморнНрммрм╛рмж'рм░ рм╕рм╛рморнНрммрм╛рмжрм┐рмХрморм╛рмирнЗ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рмПрм╣рм╛ рм╕рнЗрморм╛рмирмЩрнНрмХрнБ рмЖрмирмирнНрмжрм░рнЗ рмбрнЗрмЗрмБ рмкрмХрм╛рмЗрмерм┐рм▓рм╛ред |
| 3. | тАЬWe canтАЩt have a better show,тАЭ the Dharitri. | The Dharitri commented that they couldn't have a better show. | 'рмзрм░рм┐рмдрнНрм░рнА' рмормирнНрмдрммрнНрнЯ рмжрнЗрм▓рм╛ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗрморм╛рмирнЗ рмПрм╣рм╛рмарм╛рм░рнБ рмнрм▓ рмкрнНрм░рмжрм░рнНрм╢рми рмкрм╛рмЗ рмкрм╛рм░рм┐рммрнЗ рмирм╛рм╣рм┐рмБред |
| 4. | тАЬYouтАЩll love it,тАЭ the Dinalipi. | The Dinalipi stated that people (or they) would love it. | 'рмжрм┐рмирм▓рм┐рмкрм┐' рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рм╛ рмпрнЗ рм▓рнЛрмХрморм╛рмирнЗ (рммрм╛ рм╕рнЗрморм╛рмирнЗ) рмПрм╣рм╛рмХрнБ рмнрм▓ рмкрм╛рмЗрммрнЗред |
| 5. | тАЬYou shouldnтАЩt miss it,тАЭ - the Prajatantra. | The Prajatantra advised that people (or they) shouldn't miss it. | 'рмкрнНрм░рмЬрм╛рмдрмирнНрмдрнНрм░' рмкрм░рм╛рморм░рнНрм╢ рмжрнЗрм▓рм╛ рмпрнЗ рм▓рнЛрмХрморм╛рмирнЗ (рммрм╛ рм╕рнЗрморм╛рмирнЗ) рмПрм╣рм╛рмХрнБ рм╣рм╛рмдрмЫрмбрм╛ рмХрм░рм┐рммрм╛ рмЙрмЪрм┐рмдрнН рмирнБрм╣рнЗрмБред |
| 6. | тАЬHis performance is outstanding,тАЭ the Matrubhasa. | The Matrubhasa remarked that his performance was outstanding. | 'рморм╛рмдрнГрмнрм╛рм╖рм╛' рмормирнНрмдрммрнНрнЯ рмжрнЗрм▓рм╛ рмпрнЗ рмдрм╛рмЩрнНрмХрм░ рмкрнНрм░рмжрм░рнНрм╢рми рмЕрм╕рм╛рмзрм╛рм░рмг рмерм┐рм▓рм╛ред |
тЬНя╕П Activity 2
Instructions (English): Last Sunday you met your cousin Makhan in the morning. Hereunder are some of the things he said to you. Report the conversation to your mother the next day using indirect speech.
Instructions (Odia): рмЧрмд рм░рммрм┐рммрм╛рм░ рм╕рмХрм╛рм│рнЗ рмдрнБрморнЗ рмдрнБрмо рм╕рморнНрмкрм░рнНрмХрнАрнЯ рмнрм╛рмЗ рморм╛рмЦрмирмХрнБ рмнрнЗрмЯрм┐рмерм┐рм▓ред рм╕рнЗ рмдрнБрмормХрнБ рмХрм╣рм┐рмерм┐рммрм╛ рмХрм┐рмЫрм┐ рмХрмерм╛ рмдрм│рнЗ рмжрм┐рмЖрмЧрм▓рм╛ред рмкрм░рмжрм┐рми рмдрнБрмо рморм╛'рмЩрнНрмХрнБ рм╕рнЗрм╣рм┐ рмХрмернЛрмкрмХрмермирмЯрм┐рмХрнБ рмкрм░рнЛрмХрнНрм╖ рмЙрмХрнНрмдрм┐ (indirect speech) рм░рнЗ рм░рм┐рмкрнЛрм░рнНрмЯ рмХрм░ред
Direct: тАЬIтАЩd like to go to a good college, but my parents canтАЩt afford to pay the feesтАЭ
Indirect (English): He said that he would like to go to a good college, but his parents couldn't afford to pay the fees.
(рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рм╛ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗ рмПрмХ рмнрм▓ рмХрм▓рнЗрмЬрмХрнБ рмпрм┐рммрм╛рмХрнБ рмЪрм╛рм╣рнБрмБрмерм┐рм▓рм╛, рмХрм┐рмирнНрмдрнБ рмдрм╛' рммрм╛рмкрм╛рморм╛' рмлрм┐рм╕рнН рмжрнЗрммрм╛рмХрнБ рм╕рмХрнНрм╖рмо рмирмерм┐рм▓рнЗред)
Direct: тАЬIтАЩm living with a friend and working part-timeтАЭ
Indirect (English): He said that he was living with a friend and working part-time.
(рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рм╛ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗ рмЬрмгрнЗ рм╕рм╛рмЩрнНрмЧ рм╕рм╣рм┐рмд рм░рм╣рнБрмерм┐рм▓рм╛ рмПрммрмВ рмкрм╛рм░рнНрмЯ рмЯрм╛рмЗрморнН рмХрм╛рмо рмХрм░рнБрмерм┐рм▓рм╛ред)
Direct: тАЬIтАЩm enjoying my work.тАЭ
Indirect (English): He said that he was enjoying his work.
(рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рм╛ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗ рмдрм╛ рмХрм╛рмормХрнБ рмЙрмкрмнрнЛрмЧ рмХрм░рнБрмерм┐рм▓рм╛ред)
Direct: тАЬMy friend has got a scholarship for his higher studies.тАЭ
Indirect (English): He said that his friend had got a scholarship for his higher studies.
(рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рм╛ рмпрнЗ рмдрм╛ рм╕рм╛рмЩрнНрмЧ рмдрм╛'рм░ рмЙрмЪрнНрмЪрм╢рм┐рмХрнНрм╖рм╛ рмкрм╛рмЗрмБ рмПрмХ рммрнГрмдрнНрмдрм┐ рмкрм╛рмЗрмерм┐рм▓рм╛ред)
Direct: тАЬIтАЩll tell my mother about our meeting.тАЭ
Indirect (English): He said that he would tell his mother about their meeting.
(рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рм╛ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗ рмдрм╛' рморм╛'рмЩрнНрмХрнБ рм╕рнЗрморм╛рмирмЩрнНрмХ рм╕рм╛рмХрнНрм╖рм╛рмд рммрм┐рм╖рнЯрм░рнЗ рмХрм╣рм┐рммред)
Direct: тАЬI want to have my lunch with you.тАЭ
Indirect (English): He said that he wanted to have his lunch with me.
(рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рм╛ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗ рморнЛ рм╕рм╣рм┐рмд рмдрм╛'рм░ рмормзрнНрнЯрм╛рм╣рнНрми рмнрнЛрмЬрми рмХрм░рм┐рммрм╛рмХрнБ рмЪрм╛рм╣рнБрмБрмерм┐рм▓рм╛ред)
тЬНя╕П Activity 3
Instructions (English): Rewrite the following statements in Indirect Speech.
Instructions (Odia): рмирм┐рморнНрмирм▓рм┐рмЦрм┐рмд рммрм╛рмХрнНрнЯрмЧрнБрмбрм╝рм┐рмХрнБ рмкрм░рнЛрмХрнНрм╖ рмЙрмХрнНрмдрм┐рм░рнЗ (Indirect Speech) рмкрнБрмирм░рнНрм▓рм┐рмЦрми рмХрм░рмирнНрмдрнБред
Direct: Rakhal said, тАЬI shall never forget my childhood days.тАЭ
Indirect (English): Rakhal said that he would never forget his childhood days.
(рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм░рм╛рмЦрм╛рм▓ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рм╛ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗ рмдрм╛'рм░ рмкрм┐рм▓рм╛рмжрм┐рми рмХрнЗрммрнЗрммрм┐ рмнрнБрм▓рм┐рмм рмирм╛рм╣рм┐рмБред)
Direct: The children said, тАЬWe play football everyday.тАЭ
Indirect (English): The children said that they play football everyday. (Habitual action - tense doesn't change)
(рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рмкрм┐рм▓рм╛рморм╛рмирнЗ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗрморм╛рмирнЗ рмкрнНрм░рмдрм┐рмжрм┐рми рмлрнБрмЯрммрм▓ рмЦрнЗрм│рмирнНрмдрм┐ред)
Direct: The man said, тАЬThe house is on fire.тАЭ
Indirect (English): The man said that the house was on fire.
(рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм▓рнЛрмХрмЯрм┐ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рм╛ рмпрнЗ рмШрм░рмЯрм┐рм░рнЗ рмирм┐рмЖрмБ рм▓рм╛рмЧрм┐рмерм┐рм▓рм╛ред)
Direct: She says, тАЬI donтАЩt like sweets.тАЭ
Indirect (English): She says that she doesn't like sweets. (Reporting verb is in present - no tense change)
(рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рмХрм╣рнЗ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗ рморм┐рмарм╛ рмнрм▓ рмкрм╛рмП рмирм╛рм╣рм┐рмБред)
Direct: The guide said, тАЬPuri is famous for the temple of Lord Jagannath.тАЭ
Indirect (English): The guide said that Puri is famous for the temple of Lord Jagannath. (Universal truth - no tense change)
(рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рмЧрм╛рмЗрмбрнН рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рмкрнБрм░рнА рмкрнНрм░рмнрнБ рмЬрмЧрмирнНрмирм╛рмермЩрнНрмХ рмормирнНрмжрм┐рм░ рмкрм╛рмЗрмБ рмкрнНрм░рм╕рм┐рмжрнНрмзред)
Direct: The teacher said, тАЬThe earth moves round the sun.тАЭ
Indirect (English): The teacher said that the earth moves round the sun. (Universal truth - no tense change)
(рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╢рм┐рмХрнНрм╖рмХ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рмкрнГрмерм┐рммрнА рм╕рнВрм░рнНрмпрнНрнЯ рмЪрм╛рм░рм┐рмкрмЯрнЗ рмШрнВрм░рнЗред)
Direct: Father said, тАЬSpring comes after winter.тАЭ
Indirect (English): Father said that spring comes after winter. (Universal truth - no tense change)
(рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рммрм╛рмкрм╛ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рм╢рнАрмд рмкрм░рнЗ рммрм╕рмирнНрмд рмЖрм╕рнЗред)
Direct: He has said, тАЬMy son is going to hospital for treatment.тАЭ
Indirect (English): He has said that his son is going to hospital for treatment. (Reporting verb is in present perfect - no tense change)
(рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рмХрм╣рм┐рмЫрмирнНрмдрм┐ рмпрнЗ рмдрм╛рмЩрнНрмХ рмкрнБрмЕ рмЪрм┐рмХрм┐рмдрнНрм╕рм╛ рмкрм╛рмЗрмБ рмбрм╛рмХрнНрмдрм░рмЦрм╛рмирм╛ рмпрм╛рмЙрмЫрм┐ред)
тЬНя╕П Activity 4
Instructions (English): Rewrite the following in indirect speech.
Instructions (Odia): рмирм┐рморнНрмирм▓рм┐рмЦрм┐рмд рммрм╛рмХрнНрнЯрмЧрнБрмбрм╝рм┐рмХрнБ рмкрм░рнЛрмХрнНрм╖ рмЙрмХрнНрмдрм┐рм░рнЗ рм▓рнЗрмЦрмирнНрмдрнБред
(i) Direct: Rabi said to me, тАЬI know where you were born.тАЭ
> Indirect (English): Rabi told me that he knew where I had been born.
> (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм░рммрм┐ рморнЛрмдрнЗ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рм╛ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗ рмЬрм╛рмгрм┐рмерм┐рм▓рм╛ рморнБрмБ рмХрнЗрмЙрмБрмарм╛рм░рнЗ рмЬрмирнНрмо рм╣рнЛрмЗрмерм┐рм▓рм┐ред)
(ii) Direct: Father said, тАЬMorning is at six today.тАЭ
> Indirect (English): Father said that morning was at six that day.
> (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рммрм╛рмкрм╛ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗрмжрм┐рми рм╕рмХрм╛рм│ рмЫрмЕрмЯрм╛рм░рнЗ рмерм┐рм▓рм╛ред)
(iii) Direct: She said, тАЬIтАЩll help you in the hour of your need.тАЭ
> Indirect (English): She told me that she would help me in the hour of my need. (Assuming she said "to me")
> (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рморнЛрмдрнЗ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗ рморнЛрм░ рмЖрммрм╢рнНрнЯрмХрмдрм╛ рм╕рморнЯрм░рнЗ рморнЛрмдрнЗ рм╕рм╛рм╣рм╛рмпрнНрнЯ рмХрм░рм┐рммрнЗред)
(iv) Direct: He said, тАЬI collected these pebbles at the seashore.тАЭ
> Indirect (English): He said that he had collected those pebbles at the seashore.
> (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗ рм╕рнЗрм╣рм┐ рмЧрнЛрмбрм╝рм┐рмЧрнБрмбрм╝рм┐рмХрнБ рм╕рморнБрмжрнНрм░ рмХрнВрм│рм░рнБ рм╕рмВрмЧрнНрм░рм╣ рмХрм░рм┐рмерм┐рм▓рнЗред)
(v) Direct: I said to him, тАЬYou didnтАЩt keep fit last year.тАЭ
> Indirect (English): I told him that he hadn't kept fit the previous year.
> (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рморнБрмБ рмдрм╛рмЩрнНрмХрнБ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рм┐ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗ рмЧрмд рммрм░рнНрм╖ рмлрм┐рмЯрнН рм░рм╣рм┐рмирмерм┐рм▓рнЗред)
(vi) Direct: The teacher said to me, тАЬYou must work hard for your examination.тАЭ
> Indirect (English): The teacher told me that I must (or had to) work hard for my examination.
> (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╢рм┐рмХрнНрм╖рмХ рморнЛрмдрнЗ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рморнБрмБ рморнЛ рмкрм░рнАрмХрнНрм╖рм╛ рмкрм╛рмЗрмБ рмХрмарм┐рми рмкрм░рм┐рм╢рнНрм░рмо рмХрм░рм┐рммрм╛ рмЖрммрм╢рнНрнЯрмХред)
(vii) Direct: The doctor said to me, тАЬYou mustnтАЩt smokeтАЭ.
> Indirect (English): The doctor told me (or warned me) that I mustn't smoke.
> (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рмбрм╛рмХрнНрмдрм░ рморнЛрмдрнЗ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рнЗ (рммрм╛ рм╕рмдрм░рнНрмХ рмХрм▓рнЗ) рмпрнЗ рморнБрмБ рмзрнВрмормкрм╛рми рмХрм░рм┐рммрм╛ рмЖрмжрнМ рмЙрмЪрм┐рмдрнН рмирнБрм╣рнЗрмБред)
(viii) Direct: Sushil said, тАЬWe celebrate our Republic Day on 26th January every year ?тАЭ
> Indirect (English): Sushil said that they celebrate their Republic Day on 26th January every year. (Treated as a statement, as it's a fact)
> (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнБрм╢рнАрм▓ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рм╛ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗрморм╛рмирнЗ рмкрнНрм░рмдрм┐рммрм░рнНрм╖ рнирнм рмЬрм╛рмирнБрмЖрм░рнАрм░рнЗ рм╕рнЗрморм╛рмирмЩрнНрмХрм░ рм╕рм╛рмзрм╛рм░рмгрмдрмирнНрмдрнНрм░ рмжрм┐рммрм╕ рмкрм╛рм│рми рмХрм░рмирнНрмдрм┐ред)
(ix) Direct: He said, тАЬI was playing the violin every morning last year.тАЭ
> Indirect (English): He said that he had been playing the violin every morning the previous year.
> (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗ рмЧрмд рммрм░рнНрм╖ рмкрнНрм░рмдрм┐рмжрм┐рми рм╕рмХрм╛рм│рнЗ рммрм╛рнЯрм▓рм┐рмирнН рммрмЬрм╛рмЙрмерм┐рм▓рнЗред)
(x) Direct: He said, тАЬThese are my toys.тАЭ
> Indirect (English): He said that those were his toys.
> (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗрмЧрнБрмбрм╝рм┐рмХ рмдрм╛рмЩрнНрмХ рмЦрнЗрм│рмгрм╛ рмерм┐рм▓рм╛ред)
тЬНя╕П Activity 5
Instructions (English): The wedding of your sister has just been over. Your friend Mahesh asks you a lot of questions about the bridegroom. Now report, in indirect speech, the questions Mahesh asked you.
Instructions (Odia): рмдрнБрмо рмнрмЙрмгрнАрм░ рммрм╛рм╣рм╛рмШрм░ рмПрммрнЗ рм╕рм░рм┐рмЫрм┐ред рмдрнБрмо рм╕рм╛рмЩрнНрмЧ рморм╣рнЗрм╢ рмдрнБрмормХрнБ рммрм░ рммрм┐рм╖рнЯрм░рнЗ рмЕрмирнЗрмХ рмкрнНрм░рм╢рнНрми рмкрмЪрм╛рм░рнБрмЫрм┐ред рморм╣рнЗрм╢ рмкрмЪрм╛рм░рм┐рмерм┐рммрм╛ рмкрнНрм░рм╢рнНрмирмЧрнБрмбрм╝рм┐рмХрнБ рмкрм░рнЛрмХрнНрм╖ рмЙрмХрнНрмдрм┐рм░рнЗ рм░рм┐рмкрнЛрм░рнНрмЯ рмХрм░ред
(i) Direct: тАЬWhat is the name of your sisterтАЩs husband ?тАЭ
> Indirect (English): Mahesh asked me what the name of my sister's husband was.
> (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рморм╣рнЗрм╢ рморнЛрмдрнЗ рмкрмЪрм╛рм░рм┐рм▓рм╛ рмпрнЗ рморнЛ рмнрмЙрмгрнАрмЩрнНрмХ рм╕рнНрн▒рм╛рморнАрмЩрнНрмХ рмирм╛рмо рмХтАЩрмг рмерм┐рм▓рм╛ред)
(ii) Direct: тАЬWhat is he doing ?тАЭ
> Indirect (English): He asked me what he was doing.
> (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рморнЛрмдрнЗ рмкрмЪрм╛рм░рм┐рм▓рм╛ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗ рмХтАЩрмг рмХрм░рнБрмерм┐рм▓рнЗред)
(iii) Direct: тАЬWhere is he posted at present ?тАЭ
> Indirect (English): He asked me where he was posted at that time.
> (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рморнЛрмдрнЗ рмкрмЪрм╛рм░рм┐рм▓рм╛ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗ рм╕рнЗрмдрнЗрммрнЗрм│рнЗ рмХрнЗрмЙрмБрмарм╛рм░рнЗ рмирм┐рмпрнБрмХрнНрмд рмерм┐рм▓рнЗред)
(iv) Direct: тАЬHas he ever been abroad ?тАЭ
> Indirect (English): He asked me if/whether he had ever been abroad.
> (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рморнЛрмдрнЗ рмкрмЪрм╛рм░рм┐рм▓рм╛ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗ рмХрнЗрммрнЗ рммрм┐рмжрнЗрм╢ рмпрм╛рмЗрмерм┐рм▓рнЗ рмХрм┐ред)
(v) Direct: тАЬHow long did he stay there ?тАЭ
> Indirect (English): He asked me how long he had stayed there.
> (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рморнЛрмдрнЗ рмкрмЪрм╛рм░рм┐рм▓рм╛ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗ рм╕рнЗрмарм╛рм░рнЗ рмХрнЗрмдрнЗ рм╕рморнЯ рм░рм╣рм┐рмерм┐рм▓рнЗред)
(vi) Direct: тАЬHas he ever gone to Australia ?тАЭ
> Indirect (English): He asked me if/whether he had ever gone to Australia.
> (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рморнЛрмдрнЗ рмкрмЪрм╛рм░рм┐рм▓рм╛ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗ рмХрнЗрммрнЗ рмЕрм╖рнНрмЯрнНрм░рнЗрм▓рм┐рмЖ рмпрм╛рмЗрмерм┐рм▓рнЗ рмХрм┐ред)
(vii) Direct: тАЬWhat salary does he get ?тАЭ
> Indirect (English): He asked me what salary he got.
> (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рморнЛрмдрнЗ рмкрмЪрм╛рм░рм┐рм▓рм╛ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗ рмХрнЗрмдрнЗ рмжрм░рморм╛ рмкрм╛рмЙрмерм┐рм▓рнЗред)
(viii) Direct: тАЬWill his salary increase next year ?тАЭ
> Indirect (English): He asked me if/whether his salary would increase the following year.
> (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рморнЛрмдрнЗ рмкрмЪрм╛рм░рм┐рм▓рм╛ рмпрнЗ рмдрм╛рмЩрнНрмХ рмжрм░рморм╛ рмЖрм╕рмирнНрмдрм╛ рммрм░рнНрм╖ рммрмврм┐рмм рмХрм┐ред)
тЬНя╕П Activity 6
Instructions (English): Suppose your father is a retired headmaster. The Director, Doordarshan Centre, Bhubaneswar, invited him on the TeacherтАЩs Day to give a message to the students. The Programme Assistant asked him the following questions. Report them in indirect speech.
Instructions (Odia): рмормирнЗрмХрм░ рмдрнБрмо рммрм╛рмкрм╛ рмЬрмгрнЗ рмЕрммрм╕рм░рмкрнНрм░рм╛рмкрнНрмд рмкрнНрм░рмзрм╛рмирм╢рм┐рмХрнНрм╖рмХред рмжрнВрм░рмжрм░рнНрм╢рми рмХрнЗрмирнНрмжрнНрм░, рмнрнБрммрмирнЗрм╢рнНрн▒рм░рм░ рмирм┐рм░рнНрмжрнНрмжрнЗрм╢рмХ рмдрм╛рмЩрнНрмХрнБ рм╢рм┐рмХрнНрм╖рмХ рмжрм┐рммрм╕рм░рнЗ рмЫрм╛рмдрнНрм░рмЫрм╛рмдрнНрм░рнАрмЩрнНрмХрнБ рммрм╛рм░рнНрмдрнНрмдрм╛ рмжрнЗрммрм╛рмХрнБ рмирм┐рмормирнНрмдрнНрм░рмг рмХрм░рм┐рмерм┐рм▓рнЗред рмХрм╛рм░рнНрмпрнНрнЯрмХрнНрм░рмо рм╕рм╣рм╛рнЯрмХ рмдрм╛рмЩрнНрмХрнБ рмирм┐рморнНрмирм▓рм┐рмЦрм┐рмд рмкрнНрм░рм╢рнНрмирмЧрнБрмбрм╝рм┐рмХ рмкрмЪрм╛рм░рм┐рм▓рнЗред рм╕рнЗрмЧрнБрмбрм╝рм┐рмХрнБ рмкрм░рнЛрмХрнНрм╖ рмЙрмХрнНрмдрм┐рм░рнЗ рм░рм┐рмкрнЛрм░рнНрмЯ рмХрм░ред
(i) Direct: тАЬWhy is this day observed in the whole of India ?тАЭ
> Indirect (English): The Programme Assistant asked him why that day was observed in the whole of India.
> (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рмХрм╛рм░рнНрмпрнНрнЯрмХрнНрм░рмо рм╕рм╣рм╛рнЯрмХ рмдрм╛рмЩрнНрмХрнБ рмкрмЪрм╛рм░рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗрм╣рм┐ рмжрм┐рмирмЯрм┐ рм╕рм╛рм░рм╛ рмнрм╛рм░рмдрм░рнЗ рмХрм╛рм╣рм┐рмБрмХрм┐ рмкрм╛рм│рми рмХрм░рм╛рмпрм╛рмЙрмерм┐рм▓рм╛ред)
(ii) Direct: тАЬWhat difference do you mark between the education imparted now and that which was imparted at your time ?тАЭ
> Indirect (English): He asked him what difference he marked between the education imparted then and that which had been imparted at his time.
> (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рмдрм╛рмЩрнНрмХрнБ рмкрмЪрм╛рм░рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗрмдрнЗрммрнЗрм│рнЗ рмжрм┐рмЖрмпрм╛рмЙрмерм┐рммрм╛ рм╢рм┐рмХрнНрм╖рм╛ рмПрммрмВ рмдрм╛рмЩрнНрмХ рм╕рморнЯрм░рнЗ рмжрм┐рмЖрмпрм╛рмЙрмерм┐рммрм╛ рм╢рм┐рмХрнНрм╖рм╛ рмормзрнНрнЯрм░рнЗ рм╕рнЗ рмХтАЩрмг рмкрм╛рм░рнНрмермХрнНрнЯ рм▓рмХрнНрм╖рнНрнЯ рмХрм░рнБрмерм┐рм▓рнЗред)
(iii) Direct: тАЬWhat is your impression on the teachers working at present and those who were working at your time ?тАЭ
> Indirect (English): He asked him what his impression was on the teachers working then and those who had worked (or had been working) at his time.
> (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рмдрм╛рмЩрнНрмХрнБ рмкрмЪрм╛рм░рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗрмдрнЗрммрнЗрм│рнЗ рмХрм╛рм░рнНрмпрнНрнЯ рмХрм░рнБрмерм┐рммрм╛ рм╢рм┐рмХрнНрм╖рмХ рмПрммрмВ рмдрм╛рмЩрнНрмХ рм╕рморнЯрм░рнЗ рмХрм╛рм░рнНрмпрнНрнЯ рмХрм░рм┐рмерм┐рммрм╛ рм╢рм┐рмХрнНрм╖рмХрморм╛рмирмЩрнНрмХ рмЙрмкрм░рнЗ рмдрм╛рмЩрнНрмХрм░ рмзрм╛рм░рмгрм╛ рмХтАЩрмг рмерм┐рм▓рм╛ред)
(iv) Direct: тАЬDo you think that the system of education has improved a lot ?тАЭ
> Indirect (English): He asked him if/whether he thought that the system of education had improved a lot.
> (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рмдрм╛рмЩрнНрмХрнБ рмкрмЪрм╛рм░рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗ рмнрм╛рммрнБрмерм┐рм▓рнЗ рмХрм┐ рм╢рм┐рмХрнНрм╖рм╛ рммрнНрнЯрммрм╕рнНрмерм╛рм░рнЗ рммрм╣рнБрмд рмЙрмирнНрмирмдрм┐ рм╣рнЛрмЗрмЫрм┐ред)
(v) Direct: тАЬHavenтАЩt the students become more knowledgeable than before ?тАЭ
> Indirect (English): He asked him if/whether the students hadn't become more knowledgeable than before.
> (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рмдрм╛рмЩрнНрмХрнБ рмкрмЪрм╛рм░рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рмЫрм╛рмдрнНрм░рмЫрм╛рмдрнНрм░рнАрморм╛рмирнЗ рмкрнВрм░рнНрмм рмЕрмкрнЗрмХрнНрм╖рм╛ рмЕрмзрм┐рмХ рмЬрнНрмЮрм╛рмирнА рм╣рнЛрмЗрмирм╛рм╣рм╛рмБрмирнНрмдрм┐ рмХрм┐ред)
(vi) Direct: тАЬHas their conduct changed for the better ?тАЭ
> Indirect (English): He asked him if/whether their conduct had changed for the better.
> (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рмдрм╛рмЩрнНрмХрнБ рмкрмЪрм╛рм░рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗрморм╛рмирмЩрнНрмХ рмЖрмЪрм░рмг рмнрм▓ рмкрм╛рмЗрмБ рммрмжрм│рм┐рмЫрм┐ рмХрм┐ред)
(vii) Direct: тАЬWill they grow into good citizens of our country ?тАЭ
> Indirect (English): He asked him if/whether they would grow into good citizens of their country.
> (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рмдрм╛рмЩрнНрмХрнБ рмкрмЪрм╛рм░рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗрморм╛рмирнЗ рм╕рнЗрморм╛рмирмЩрнНрмХ рмжрнЗрм╢рм░ рмнрм▓ рмирм╛рмЧрм░рм┐рмХ рм╣рнЛрмЗрмкрм╛рм░рм┐рммрнЗ рмХрм┐ред)
(viii) Direct: тАЬWhat message do you have for the students of our country ?тАЭ
> Indirect (English): He asked him what message he had for the students of their country.
> (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рмдрм╛рмЩрнНрмХрнБ рмкрмЪрм╛рм░рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗрморм╛рмирмЩрнНрмХ рмжрнЗрм╢рм░ рмЫрм╛рмдрнНрм░рмЫрм╛рмдрнНрм░рнАрмЩрнНрмХ рмкрм╛рмЗрмБ рмдрм╛рмЩрнНрмХ рмкрм╛рмЦрм░рнЗ рмХтАЩрмг рммрм╛рм░рнНрмдрнНрмдрм╛ рмерм┐рм▓рм╛ред)
тЬНя╕П Activity 7
Instructions (English): Turn into indirect speech.
Instructions (Odia): рмкрм░рнЛрмХрнНрм╖ рмЙрмХрнНрмдрм┐рм░рнЗ рмкрм░рм┐рмгрмд рмХрм░рмирнНрмдрнБред
(i) Direct: тАЬConsult a doctor immediately,тАЭ he said to me.
> Indirect (English): He advised me to consult a doctor immediately.
> (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рморнЛрмдрнЗ рмдрнБрм░рмирнНрмд рмбрм╛рмХрнНрмдрм░рмЩрнНрмХ рмкрм░рм╛рморм░рнНрм╢ рмирнЗрммрм╛рмХрнБ рмЙрмкрмжрнЗрм╢ рмжрнЗрм▓рнЗред)
(ii) Direct: тАЬHurry up, or you will miss the train,тАЭ he said to me.
> Indirect (English): He urged me to hurry up, or I would miss the train.
> (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рморнЛрмдрнЗ рм╢рнАрмШрнНрм░ рмХрм░рм┐рммрм╛рмХрнБ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рнЗ, рмирмЪрнЗрмдрнН рморнБрмБ рмЯрнНрм░рнЗрмирнН рморм┐рм╕рнН рмХрм░рм┐рммрм┐ред)
(iii) Direct: тАЬDonтАЩt get addicted to tea,тАЭ he said to me.
> Indirect (English): He advised me not to get addicted to tea.
> (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рморнЛрмдрнЗ рмЪрм╛' рмкрнНрм░рмдрм┐ рмЖрм╕рмХрнНрмд рми рм╣рнЗрммрм╛рмХрнБ рмЙрмкрмжрнЗрм╢ рмжрнЗрм▓рнЗред)
(iv) Direct: тАЬYour mouth smells foul. DonтАЩt open it,тАЭ he said.
> Indirect (English): He said that my mouth smelled foul and told me not to open it.
> (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рморнЛ рмкрм╛рмЯрм┐ рмжрнБрм░рнНрмЧрмирнНрмз рм╣рнЗрмЙрмерм┐рм▓рм╛ рмПрммрмВ рморнЛрмдрнЗ рмдрм╛рм╣рм╛ рми рмЦрнЛрм▓рм┐рммрм╛рмХрнБ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рнЗред)
(v) Direct: The captain said, тАЬHurrah ! We have scored two goals !тАЭ
> Indirect (English): The captain exclaimed with joy that they had scored two goals.
> (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рмЕрмзрм┐рмирм╛рнЯрмХ рмЖрмирмирнНрмжрм░рнЗ рмЪрм┐рмдрнНрмХрм╛рм░ рмХрм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗрморм╛рмирнЗ рмжрнБрмЗрмЯрм┐ рмЧрнЛрм▓рнН рмжрнЗрмЗрмЫрмирнНрмдрм┐ред)
(vi) Direct: The General said, тАЬBravo ! You have done wonders !тАЭ
> Indirect (English): The General applauded them (or him/her), saying that they (or he/she) had done wonders.
> (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рмЬрнЗрмирнЗрм░рм╛рм▓рнН рм╕рнЗрморм╛рмирмЩрнНрмХрнБ рмкрнНрм░рм╢рмВрм╕рм╛ рмХрм░рм┐ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗрморм╛рмирнЗ рмЖрм╢рнНрмЪрм░рнНрмпрнНрнЯрмЬрмирмХ рмХрм╛рм░рнНрмпрнНрнЯ рмХрм░рм┐рмЫрмирнНрмдрм┐ред)
(vii) Direct: The teacher said to Nirmal, тАЬWhat a lazy boy you are !тАЭ
> Indirect (English): The teacher exclaimed that Nirmal was a very lazy boy.
> (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╢рм┐рмХрнНрм╖рмХ рмЖрм╢рнНрмЪрм░рнНрмпрнНрнЯ рм╣рнЛрмЗ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рмирм┐рм░рнНрморм│ рммрм╣рнБрмд рмЕрм│рм╕рнБрмЖ рмкрм┐рм▓рм╛ рмерм┐рм▓рм╛ред)
(viii) Direct: My friend said to me, тАЬHow nice of you to have come !тАЭ
> Indirect (English): My friend told me that it was very nice of me to have come.
> (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рморнЛ рм╕рм╛рмЩрнНрмЧ рморнЛрмдрнЗ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рм╛ рмпрнЗ рморнБрмБ рмЖрм╕рм┐рмерм┐рммрм╛рм░рнБ рмПрм╣рм╛ рммрм╣рнБрмд рмнрм▓ рм╣рнЗрм▓рм╛ред)
(ix) Direct: The traveller said, тАЬFarewell, friends.тАЭ
> Indirect (English): The traveller bade farewell to his friends.
> (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рмпрм╛рмдрнНрм░рнА рмЬрмгрмХ рмдрм╛рмЩрнНрмХ рм╕рм╛рмЩрнНрмЧрморм╛рмирмЩрнНрмХрнБ рммрм┐рмжрм╛рнЯ рмЬрмгрм╛рмЗрм▓рнЗред)
(x) Direct: The beggar, тАЬOh, for a morsel of food !тАЭ
> Indirect (English): The beggar cried out (or earnestly wished) for a morsel of food.
> (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рмнрм┐рмХрм╛рм░рнАрмЯрм┐ рморнБрмарм╛рмП рмЦрм╛рмжрнНрнЯ рмкрм╛рмЗрмБ рмЖрмХрнБрм│ рм╣рнЛрмЗ рмЪрм┐рмдрнНрмХрм╛рм░ рмХрм▓рм╛ред)
(xi) Direct: тАЬIf only I had the wings of a dove !тАЭ he said.
> Indirect (English): He wished that he had the wings of a dove.
> (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рмЗрмЪрнНрмЫрм╛ рмХрм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рмпрмжрм┐ рмдрм╛рмЩрнНрмХрм░ рмХрмкрнЛрмдрм░ рмбрнЗрмгрм╛ рмерм╛рмЖрмирнНрмдрм╛ред)
тЬНя╕П Activity 8
Instructions (English): Report the following conversation.
Instructions (Odia): рмирм┐рморнНрмирм▓рм┐рмЦрм┐рмд рмХрмернЛрмкрмХрмермирмХрнБ рм░рм┐рмкрнЛрм░рнНрмЯ рмХрм░рмирнНрмдрнБред
Direct Speech (рмкрнНрм░рмдрнНрнЯрмХрнНрм╖ рмЙрмХрнНрмдрм┐):
тАЬAre you leaving today ?тАЭ Maggie asked, тАЬYesтАЭ, I replied, тАЬToday is the day of my departure.тАЭ
тАЬHow long will it take to reach your country ? In which part of the country do you live ?тАЭ She wanted to know.
I replied, тАЬPunjab, in the west.тАЭ
тАЬPlease, put a flower on my brotherтАЩs grave, тАЬShe requested me with tears in her eyes.
Indirect Speech (English):
Maggie asked if I was leaving that day. I replied that I was (or replied in the affirmative) and said that that day was the day of my departure.
She wanted to know how long it would take to reach my country and in which part of the country I lived.
I replied that I lived in Punjab, in the west.
With tears in her eyes, she requested me to put a flower on her brother's grave.
Indirect Speech (Odia):
рморнНрнЯрм╛рмЧрм┐ рмкрмЪрм╛рм░рм┐рм▓рм╛ рмпрнЗ рморнБрмБ рм╕рнЗрм╣рм┐ рмжрм┐рми рмпрм╛рмЙрмЫрм┐ рмХрм┐ред рморнБрмБ рм╣рмБрм░рнЗ рмЙрмдрнНрмдрм░ рмжрнЗрм▓рм┐ (рмХрм┐рморнНрммрм╛ рм╕рмХрм╛рм░рм╛рмдрнНрмормХ рмЙрмдрнНрмдрм░ рмжрнЗрм▓рм┐) рмПрммрмВ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рм┐ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗрм╣рм┐ рмжрм┐рми рм╣рм┐рмБ рморнЛрм░ рмпрм┐рммрм╛рм░ рмжрм┐рми рмерм┐рм▓рм╛ред
рм╕рнЗ рмЬрм╛рмгрм┐рммрм╛рмХрнБ рмЪрм╛рм╣рм┐рмБрм▓рм╛ рмпрнЗ рморнЛ рмжрнЗрм╢рм░рнЗ рмкрм╣рмЮрнНрмЪрм┐рммрм╛рмХрнБ рмХрнЗрмдрнЗ рм╕рморнЯ рм▓рм╛рмЧрм┐рмм рмПрммрмВ рморнБрмБ рмжрнЗрм╢рм░ рмХрнЗрмЙрмБ рмЕрмВрм╢рм░рнЗ рм░рм╣рнБрмерм┐рм▓рм┐ред
рморнБрмБ рмЙрмдрнНрмдрм░ рмжрнЗрм▓рм┐ рмпрнЗ рморнБрмБ рмкрмЮрнНрмЬрм╛рммрм░рнЗ, рмкрм╢рнНрмЪрм┐рморм░рнЗ рм░рм╣рнБрмерм┐рм▓рм┐ред
рмЖрмЦрм┐рм░рнЗ рм▓рнБрм╣ рм╕рм╣, рм╕рнЗ рморнЛрмдрнЗ рмдрм╛' рмнрм╛рмЗрм░ рмХрммрм░ рмЙрмкрм░рнЗ рмлрнБрм▓рмЯрм┐рмП рм░рмЦрм┐рммрм╛рмХрнБ рмЕрмирнБрм░рнЛрмз рмХрм▓рм╛ред