Direct and Indirect Speech тАУ Additional Questions Class 10 English Grammar
Direct and Indirect Speech (Additional Questions)
тЬНя╕П Activity A: Transformation (Statements: Direct to Indirect)
Instructions (English): Change the following sentences from Direct Speech to Indirect Speech. Instructions (Odia): рмирм┐рморнНрмирм▓рм┐рмЦрм┐рмд рммрм╛рмХрнНрнЯрмЧрнБрмбрм╝рм┐рмХрнБ рмкрнНрм░рмдрнНрнЯрмХрнНрм╖ рмЙрмХрнНрмдрм┐ (Direct Speech) рм░рнБ рмкрм░рнЛрмХрнНрм╖ рмЙрмХрнНрмдрм┐ (Indirect Speech) рмХрнБ рмкрм░рм┐рммрм░рнНрмдрнНрмдрми рмХрм░рмирнНрмдрнБред
Direct: He said, "I am busy now."
Indirect: He said that he was busy then. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗ рм╕рнЗрмдрнЗрммрнЗрм│рнЗ рммрнНрнЯрм╕рнНрмд рмерм┐рм▓рнЗред)
Direct: She said, "My mother is cooking food."
Indirect: She said that her mother was cooking food. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рм╛ рмпрнЗ рмдрм╛тАЩ рморм╛' рмЦрм╛рмжрнНрнЯ рм░рм╛рмирнНрмзрнБрмерм┐рм▓рнЗред)
Direct: They said, "We have finished our work."
Indirect: They said that they had finished their work. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗрморм╛рмирнЗ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗрморм╛рмирнЗ рм╕рнЗрморм╛рмирмЩрнНрмХ рмХрм╛рмо рм╕рм╛рм░рм┐рмжрнЗрмЗрмерм┐рм▓рнЗред)
Direct: The boy said, "I bought a pen yesterday."
Indirect: The boy said that he had bought a pen the previous day. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рмкрм┐рм▓рм╛рмЯрм┐ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рм╛ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗ рмкрнВрм░рнНрммрмжрм┐рми рмПрмХ рмХрм▓рмо рмХрм┐рмгрм┐рмерм┐рм▓рм╛ред)
Direct: He said, "I was doing my homework."
Indirect: He said that he had been doing his homework. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рм╛ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗ рмдрм╛тАЩрм░ рмЧрнГрм╣рмХрм╛рм░рнНрмпрнНрнЯ рмХрм░рнБрмерм┐рм▓рм╛ред)
Direct: She said to me, "You will go to the market."
Indirect: She told me that I would go to the market. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рморнЛрмдрнЗ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рм╛ рмпрнЗ рморнБрмБ рммрмЬрм╛рм░ рмпрм┐рммрм┐ред)
Direct: I said to him, "I can help you."
Indirect: I told him that I could help him. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рморнБрмБ рмдрм╛рмЩрнНрмХрнБ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рм┐ рмпрнЗ рморнБрмБ рмдрм╛рмЩрнНрмХрнБ рм╕рм╛рм╣рм╛рмпрнНрнЯ рмХрм░рм┐рмкрм╛рм░рм┐рммрм┐ред)
Direct: He said, "I shall come tomorrow."
Indirect: He said that he would come the next day. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗ рмкрм░рмжрм┐рми рмЖрм╕рм┐рммрнЗред)
Direct: The teacher said, "The Earth moves round the Sun."
Indirect: The teacher said that the Earth moves round the Sun. (Tense does not change) (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╢рм┐рмХрнНрм╖рмХ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рмкрнГрмерм┐рммрнА рм╕рнВрм░рнНрмпрнНрнЯ рмЪрм╛рм░рм┐рмкрмЯрнЗ рмШрнВрм░рнЗред)
Direct: He says, "I am ill."
Indirect: He says that he is ill. (Reporting verb in present - no tense change) (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рмХрм╣рмирнНрмдрм┐ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗ рмЕрм╕рнБрм╕рнНрме рмЕрмЫрмирнНрмдрм┐ред)
Direct: She will say, "The student was lazy."
Indirect: She will say that the student was lazy. (Reporting verb in future - no tense change) (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рмХрм╣рм┐рммрнЗ рмпрнЗ рмЫрм╛рмдрнНрм░рмЯрм┐ рмЕрм│рм╕рнБрмЖ рмерм┐рм▓рм╛ред)
Direct: He said, "I am glad to be here this evening."
Indirect: He said that he was glad to be there that evening. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗ рм╕рнЗрм╣рм┐ рм╕рмирнНрмзрнНрнЯрм╛рм░рнЗ рм╕рнЗрмарм╛рм░рнЗ рмерм┐рммрм╛рм░рнБ рмЦрнБрм╕рм┐ рмерм┐рм▓рнЗред)
Direct: She said, "I must go now."
Indirect: She said that she had to go then. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рмдрм╛рмЩрнНрмХрнБ рм╕рнЗрмдрнЗрммрнЗрм│рнЗ рмпрм┐рммрм╛рмХрнБ рмерм┐рм▓рм╛ред)
Direct: He said, "I have passed the examination."
Indirect: He said that he had passed the examination. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗ рмкрм░рнАрмХрнНрм╖рм╛рм░рнЗ рмкрм╛рм╕рнН рмХрм░рм┐рмЫрмирнНрмдрм┐ред)
Direct: The farmer said, "I have been working since morning."
Indirect: The farmer said that he had been working since morning. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рмХрнГрм╖рмХ рмЬрмгрмХ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗ рм╕рмХрм╛рм│рнБ рмХрм╛рмо рмХрм░рнБрмЫрмирнНрмдрм┐ред)
Direct: My friend said, "You are a good boy."
Indirect: My friend told me that I was a good boy. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рморнЛ рм╕рм╛рмЩрнНрмЧ рморнЛрмдрнЗ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рм╛ рмпрнЗ рморнБрмБ рмЬрмгрнЗ рмнрм▓ рмкрм┐рм▓рм╛ рмерм┐рм▓рм┐ред)
Direct: He said, "I did this two days ago."
Indirect: He said that he had done that two days before. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗ рмдрм╛рм╣рм╛ рмжрнБрмЗ рмжрм┐рми рмкрнВрм░рнНрммрм░рнБ рмХрм░рм┐рмерм┐рм▓рнЗред)
Direct: She said to us, "We are going to Puri next week."
Indirect: She told us that they were going to Puri the following week. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рмЖрмормХрнБ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗрморм╛рмирнЗ рмЖрм╕рмирнНрмдрм╛ рм╕рмкрнНрмдрм╛рм╣рм░рнЗ рмкрнБрм░рнА рмпрм╛рмЙрмЫрмирнНрмдрм┐ред)
Direct: He said, "Honesty is the best policy."
Indirect: He said that honesty is the best policy. (Tense does not change) (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рм╕рмЪрнНрмЪрнЛрмЯрмдрм╛ рм╣рнЗрмЙрмЫрм┐ рм╕рм░рнНрммрнЛрмдрнНрмдрмо рмирнАрмдрм┐ред)
Direct: The teacher said to me, "You can go."
Indirect: The teacher told me that I could go. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╢рм┐рмХрнНрм╖рмХ рморнЛрмдрнЗ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рморнБрмБ рмпрм╛рмЗрмкрм╛рм░рнЗред)
тЬНя╕П Activity B: Transformation (Questions: Direct to Indirect)
Instructions (English): Change the following questions from Direct Speech to Indirect Speech. Instructions (Odia): рмирм┐рморнНрмирм▓рм┐рмЦрм┐рмд рмкрнНрм░рм╢рнНрмирмЧрнБрмбрм╝рм┐рмХрнБ рмкрнНрм░рмдрнНрнЯрмХрнНрм╖ рмЙрмХрнНрмдрм┐рм░рнБ рмкрм░рнЛрмХрнНрм╖ рмЙрмХрнНрмдрм┐рмХрнБ рмкрм░рм┐рммрм░рнНрмдрнНрмдрми рмХрм░рмирнНрмдрнБред
Direct: He said to me, "Are you ill?"
Indirect: He asked me if (or whether) I was ill. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рморнЛрмдрнЗ рмкрмЪрм╛рм░рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рморнБрмБ рмЕрм╕рнБрм╕рнНрме рмерм┐рм▓рм┐ рмХрм┐ред)
Direct: I said to him, "Do you know me?"
Indirect: I asked him if (or whether) he knew me. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рморнБрмБ рмдрм╛рмЩрнНрмХрнБ рмкрмЪрм╛рм░рм┐рм▓рм┐ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗ рморнЛрмдрнЗ рмЬрм╛рмгрм┐рмерм┐рм▓рнЗ рмХрм┐ред)
Direct: She said to the boy, "Did you go to school yesterday?"
Indirect: She asked the boy if (or whether) he had gone to school the previous day. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рмкрм┐рм▓рм╛рмЯрм┐рмХрнБ рмкрмЪрм╛рм░рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗ рмкрнВрм░рнНрммрмжрм┐рми рм╕рнНрмХрнБрм▓ рмпрм╛рмЗрмерм┐рм▓рм╛ рмХрм┐ред)
Direct: He said to me, "What is your name?"
Indirect: He asked me what my name was. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рморнЛрмдрнЗ рмкрмЪрм╛рм░рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рморнЛ рмирм╛рмо рмХтАЩрмг рмерм┐рм▓рм╛ред)
Direct: The teacher said to the student, "Why are you late?"
Indirect: The teacher asked the student why he (or she) was late. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╢рм┐рмХрнНрм╖рмХ рмЫрм╛рмдрнНрм░рмЯрм┐рмХрнБ рмкрмЪрм╛рм░рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗ рмХрм╛рм╣рм┐рмБрмХрм┐ рмбрнЗрм░рм┐рм░рнЗ рмЖрм╕рм┐рмерм┐рм▓рм╛ред)
Direct: I said to the stranger, "Where do you live?"
Indirect: I asked the stranger where he (or she) lived. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рморнБрмБ рмЕрмкрм░рм┐рмЪрм┐рмд рм▓рнЛрмХрмЯрм┐рмХрнБ рмкрмЪрм╛рм░рм┐рм▓рм┐ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗ рмХрнЗрмЙрмБрмарм╛рм░рнЗ рм░рм╣рнБрмерм┐рм▓рнЗред)
Direct: He said to her, "When will you come?"
Indirect: He asked her when she would come. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рмдрм╛рмЩрнНрмХрнБ рмкрмЪрм╛рм░рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗ рмХрнЗрмдрнЗрммрнЗрм│рнЗ рмЖрм╕рм┐рммрнЗред)
Direct: My mother asked me, "Have you finished your breakfast?"
Indirect: My mother asked me if (or whether) I had finished my breakfast. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рморнЛ рморм╛' рморнЛрмдрнЗ рмкрмЪрм╛рм░рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рморнБрмБ рморнЛрм░ рмЬрм│рмЦрм┐рмЖ рм╕рм╛рм░рм┐рмерм┐рм▓рм┐ рмХрм┐ред)
Direct: The passenger said to the clerk, "When does the train leave?"
Indirect: The passenger asked the clerk when the train left. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рмпрм╛рмдрнНрм░рнА рмЬрмгрмХ рмХрм┐рм░рм╛рмгрнАрмЩрнНрмХрнБ рмкрмЪрм╛рм░рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рмЯрнНрм░рнЗрмирнН рмХрнЗрмдрнЗрммрнЗрм│рнЗ рмЫрм╛рмбрнЗред)
Direct: "How did you solve the problem?" he asked me.
Indirect: He asked me how I had solved the problem. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рморнЛрмдрнЗ рмкрмЪрм╛рм░рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рморнБрмБ рмХрм┐рмкрм░рм┐ рм╕рморм╕рнНрнЯрм╛рмЯрм┐ рм╕рморм╛рмзрм╛рми рмХрм▓рм┐ред)
Direct: "Can you lend me your pen?" she asked.
Indirect: She asked me if I could lend her my pen. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рморнЛрмдрнЗ рмкрмЪрм╛рм░рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рморнБрмБ рмдрм╛рмЩрнНрмХрнБ рморнЛ рмХрм▓рмо рмзрм╛рм░ рмжрнЗрмЗрмкрм╛рм░рм┐рммрм┐ рмХрм┐ред)
Direct: "Whose book is this?" said the teacher.
Indirect: The teacher asked whose book that was. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╢рм┐рмХрнНрм╖рмХ рмкрмЪрм╛рм░рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗрмЗрмЯрм╛ рмХрм╛рм╣рм╛рм░ рммрм╣рм┐ рмерм┐рм▓рм╛ред)
Direct: He said, "Will you listen to me?"
Indirect: He asked them (or him/her) if they (or he/she) would listen to him. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рм╕рнЗрморм╛рмирмЩрнНрмХрнБ рмкрмЪрм╛рм░рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗрморм╛рмирнЗ рмдрм╛рмЩрнНрмХ рмХрмерм╛ рм╢рнБрмгрм┐рммрнЗ рмХрм┐ред)
Direct: "Are you coming with us?" they asked.
Indirect: They asked me if I was coming with them. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗрморм╛рмирнЗ рморнЛрмдрнЗ рмкрмЪрм╛рм░рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рморнБрмБ рм╕рнЗрморм╛рмирмЩрнНрмХ рм╕рм╣ рмЖрм╕рнБрмерм┐рм▓рм┐ рмХрм┐ред)
Direct: The father asked his son, "Why did you fail?"
Indirect: The father asked his son why he had failed. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рммрм╛рмкрм╛ рмдрм╛рмЩрнНрмХ рмкрнБрмЕрмХрнБ рмкрмЪрм╛рм░рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗ рмХрм╛рм╣рм┐рмБрмХрм┐ рммрм┐рмлрм│ рм╣рнЗрм▓рм╛ред)
тЬНя╕П Activity C: Transformation (Imperatives: Direct to Indirect)
Instructions (English): Change the following imperative sentences from Direct Speech to Indirect Speech. Instructions (Odia): рмирм┐рморнНрмирм▓рм┐рмЦрм┐рмд рмЖрмжрнЗрм╢рм╕рнВрмЪрмХ рммрм╛рмХрнНрнЯрмЧрнБрмбрм╝рм┐рмХрнБ рмкрнНрм░рмдрнНрнЯрмХрнНрм╖ рмЙрмХрнНрмдрм┐рм░рнБ рмкрм░рнЛрмХрнНрм╖ рмЙрмХрнНрмдрм┐рмХрнБ рмкрм░рм┐рммрм░рнНрмдрнНрмдрми рмХрм░рмирнНрмдрнБред
Direct: The teacher said to the boy, "Sit down."
Indirect: The teacher ordered the boy to sit down. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╢рм┐рмХрнНрм╖рмХ рмкрм┐рм▓рм╛рмЯрм┐рмХрнБ рммрм╕рм┐рммрм╛рмХрнБ рмЖрмжрнЗрм╢ рмжрнЗрм▓рнЗред)
Direct: He said to me, "Please help me."
Indirect: He requested me to help him. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рморнЛрмдрнЗ рмдрм╛рмЩрнНрмХрнБ рм╕рм╛рм╣рм╛рмпрнНрнЯ рмХрм░рм┐рммрм╛рмХрнБ рмЕрмирнБрм░рнЛрмз рмХрм▓рнЗред)
Direct: The doctor said to the patient, "Don't smoke."
Indirect: The doctor advised the patient not to smoke. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рмбрм╛рмХрнНрмдрм░ рм░рнЛрмЧрнАрмЩрнНрмХрнБ рмзрнВрмормкрм╛рми рми рмХрм░рм┐рммрм╛рмХрнБ рмЙрмкрмжрнЗрм╢ рмжрнЗрм▓рнЗред)
Direct: My father said to me, "Work hard."
Indirect: My father advised me to work hard. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рморнЛ рммрм╛рмкрм╛ рморнЛрмдрнЗ рмХрмарм┐рми рмкрм░рм┐рм╢рнНрм░рмо рмХрм░рм┐рммрм╛рмХрнБ рмЙрмкрмжрнЗрм╢ рмжрнЗрм▓рнЗред)
Direct: The captain said to the soldiers, "March on."
Indirect: The captain commanded the soldiers to march on. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рмХрнНрнЯрм╛рмкрмЯрнЗрмирнН рм╕рнИрмирм┐рмХрморм╛рмирмЩрнНрмХрнБ рмЖрмЧрмХрнБ рммрмврм┐рммрм╛рмХрнБ рмЖрмжрнЗрм╢ рмжрнЗрм▓рнЗред)
Direct: He said, "Let's go for a picnic."
Indirect: He suggested that they should go for a picnic. (or He suggested going for a picnic.) (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рмПрмХ рмкрм┐рмХрмирм┐рмХрнН рмпрм┐рммрм╛рмХрнБ рмкрнНрм░рм╕рнНрмдрм╛рмм рмжрнЗрм▓рнЗред)
Direct: The beggar said to me, "Give me some food."
Indirect: The beggar begged me to give him some food. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рмнрм┐рмХрм╛рм░рнАрмЯрм┐ рморнЛрмдрнЗ рмХрм┐рмЫрм┐ рмЦрм╛рмжрнНрнЯ рмжрнЗрммрм╛рмХрнБ рморм╛рмЧрм┐рм▓рм╛ред)
Direct: She said to her son, "Never tell a lie."
Indirect: She advised her son never to tell a lie. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рмдрм╛рмЩрнНрмХ рмкрнБрмЕрмХрнБ рмХрнЗрммрнЗрммрм┐ рморм┐рмЫ рми рмХрм╣рм┐рммрм╛рмХрнБ рмЙрмкрмжрнЗрм╢ рмжрнЗрм▓рнЗред)
Direct: I said to him, "Please wait here."
Indirect: I requested him to wait there. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рморнБрмБ рмдрм╛рмЩрнНрмХрнБ рм╕рнЗрмарм╛рм░рнЗ рмЕрмкрнЗрмХрнНрм╖рм╛ рмХрм░рм┐рммрм╛рмХрнБ рмЕрмирнБрм░рнЛрмз рмХрм▓рм┐ред)
Direct: The notice said, "Do not touch the exhibits."
Indirect: The notice warned (or instructed) people not to touch the exhibits. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рмирнЛрмЯрм┐рм╕рнН рм▓рнЛрмХрморм╛рмирмЩрнНрмХрнБ рмкрнНрм░рмжрм░рнНрм╢рм┐рмд рм╕рм╛рмормЧрнНрм░рнАрмХрнБ рми рмЫрнБрмЗрмБрммрм╛рмХрнБ рм╕рмдрм░рнНрмХ рмХрм▓рм╛ред)
тЬНя╕П Activity D: Transformation (Exclamatory: Direct to Indirect)
Instructions (English): Change the following exclamatory sentences from Direct Speech to Indirect Speech. Instructions (Odia): рмирм┐рморнНрмирм▓рм┐рмЦрм┐рмд рммрм┐рм╕рнНрморнЯрм╕рнВрмЪрмХ рммрм╛рмХрнНрнЯрмЧрнБрмбрм╝рм┐рмХрнБ рмкрнНрм░рмдрнНрнЯрмХрнНрм╖ рмЙрмХрнНрмдрм┐рм░рнБ рмкрм░рнЛрмХрнНрм╖ рмЙрмХрнНрмдрм┐рмХрнБ рмкрм░рм┐рммрм░рнНрмдрнНрмдрми рмХрм░рмирнНрмдрнБред
Direct: He said, "What a beautiful sight!"
Indirect: He exclaimed that it was a very beautiful sight. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рмЖрм╢рнНрмЪрм░рнНрмпрнНрнЯ рм╣рнЛрмЗ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рмПрм╣рм╛ рмПрмХ рммрм╣рнБрмд рм╕рнБрмирнНрмжрм░ рмжрнГрм╢рнНрнЯ рмерм┐рм▓рм╛ред)
Direct: She said, "Alas! My cat is dead."
Indirect: She exclaimed with sorrow that her cat was dead. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рмжрнБрмГрмЦрм░рнЗ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рмдрм╛рмЩрнНрмХ рммрм┐рм▓рнЗрмЗ рморм░рм┐рмпрм╛рмЗрмЫрм┐ред)
Direct: The team said, "Hurrah! We have won the match."
Indirect: The team exclaimed with joy that they had won the match. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рмжрм│рмЯрм┐ рмЖрмирмирнНрмжрм░рнЗ рмЪрм┐рмдрнНрмХрм╛рм░ рмХрм▓рм╛ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗрморм╛рмирнЗ рморнНрнЯрм╛рмЪрнН рмЬрм┐рмдрм┐рмпрм╛рмЗрмЫрмирнНрмдрм┐ред)
Direct: He said to me, "How foolish I have been!"
Indirect: He confessed to me that he had been very foolish. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рморнЛ рмЖрмЧрм░рнЗ рм╕рнНрн▒рнАрмХрм╛рм░ рмХрм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗ рммрм╣рнБрмд рморнВрм░рнНрмЦ рмерм┐рм▓рнЗред)
Direct: She said, "What a pity!"
Indirect: She exclaimed that it was a great pity. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рмЖрм╢рнНрмЪрм░рнНрмпрнНрнЯ рм╣рнЛрмЗ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рмПрм╣рм╛ рммрм╣рнБрмд рмжрнБрмГрмЦрм░ рммрм┐рм╖рнЯ рмерм┐рм▓рм╛ред)
Direct: The boy said, "What a tall building!"
Indirect: The boy exclaimed that it was a very tall building. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рмкрм┐рм▓рм╛рмЯрм┐ рмЖрм╢рнНрмЪрм░рнНрмпрнНрнЯ рм╣рнЛрмЗ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рм╛ рмпрнЗ рмПрм╣рм╛ рмПрмХ рммрм╣рнБрмд рмЙрмЪрнНрмЪ рмХрнЛрмарм╛ рмерм┐рм▓рм╛ред)
Direct: He said, "Good morning, my friend."
Indirect: He wished his friend good morning. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рмдрм╛рмЩрнНрмХ рм╕рм╛рмЩрнНрмЧрмХрнБ рм╕рнБрмкрнНрм░рмнрм╛рмд рмЬрмгрм╛рмЗрм▓рнЗред)
Direct: I said to him, "Congratulations!"
Indirect: I congratulated him. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рморнБрмБ рмдрм╛рмЩрнНрмХрнБ рмЕрмнрм┐рмирмирнНрмжрми рмЬрмгрм╛рмЗрм▓рм┐ред)
Direct: He said, "If only I were young again!"
Indirect: He wished that he were young again. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рмЗрмЪрнНрмЫрм╛ рмХрм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗ рмкрнБрмгрм┐ рмерм░рнЗ рмпрнБрммрмХ рм╣рнБрмЕрмирнНрмдрнЗ рмХрм┐ред)
Direct: She said, "How clever you are!"
Indirect: She exclaimed that I was (or he/she was) very clever. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рмЖрм╢рнНрмЪрм░рнНрмпрнНрнЯ рм╣рнЛрмЗ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рморнБрмБ (рмХрм┐рморнНрммрм╛ рм╕рнЗ) рммрм╣рнБрмд рмЪрмдрнБрм░ рмерм┐рм▓рм┐/рмерм┐рм▓рнЗред)
тЬНя╕П Activity E: Transformation (Indirect to Direct)
Instructions (English): Change the following sentences from Indirect Speech to Direct Speech. Instructions (Odia): рмирм┐рморнНрмирм▓рм┐рмЦрм┐рмд рммрм╛рмХрнНрнЯрмЧрнБрмбрм╝рм┐рмХрнБ рмкрм░рнЛрмХрнНрм╖ рмЙрмХрнНрмдрм┐рм░рнБ рмкрнНрм░рмдрнНрнЯрмХрнНрм╖ рмЙрмХрнНрмдрм┐рмХрнБ рмкрм░рм┐рммрм░рнНрмдрнНрмдрми рмХрм░рмирнНрмдрнБред
Indirect: He told me that he was tired.
Direct: He said to me, "I am tired."
Indirect: She asked me if I could help her.
Direct: She said to me, "Can you help me?"
Indirect: The teacher ordered the students to keep quiet.
Direct: The teacher said to the students, "Keep quiet."
Indirect: He asked me where I lived.
Direct: He said to me, "Where do you live?"
Indirect: He exclaimed with joy that they had won.
Direct: He said, "Hurrah! We have won."
Indirect: She advised me not to go there.
Direct: She said to me, "Don't go there."
Indirect: I told him that I had seen that film the previous day.
Direct: I said to him, "I saw this film yesterday."
Indirect: The old man wished that I might live long.
Direct: The old man said to me, "May you live long."
Indirect: He asked me what I was doing then.
Direct: He said to me, "What are you doing now?"
Indirect: She said that she had to go.
Direct: She said, "I must go."
Indirect: He asked me whether I had seen his brother.
Direct: He said to me, "Have you seen my brother?"
Indirect: He suggested that we should play.
Direct: He said, "Let's play."
Indirect: I told him that I would be late.
Direct: I said to him, "I shall be late."
Indirect: He exclaimed that it was a terrible storm.
Direct: He said, "What a terrible storm!"
Indirect: She told me that she had been reading a book.
Direct: She said to me, "I was reading a book."
тЬНя╕П Activity F: Error Correction
Instructions (English): Find the error in the reported (indirect) speech and rewrite the sentence correctly. Instructions (Odia): рмкрм░рнЛрмХрнНрм╖ рмЙрмХрнНрмдрм┐рм░рнЗ рмерм┐рммрм╛ рмнрнБрм▓рмХрнБ рмЦрнЛрмЬрмирнНрмдрнБ рмПрммрмВ рммрм╛рмХрнНрнЯрмЯрм┐рмХрнБ рм╕рмарм┐рмХрнН рмнрм╛рммрм░рнЗ рмкрнБрмирм░рнНрм▓рм┐рмЦрми рмХрм░рмирнНрмдрнБред
Incorrect: He asked me what was my name.
Correct: He asked me what my name was. (рмнрнБрм▓: рмкрнНрм░рм╢рнНрмирммрм╛рмЪрмХ рмЧрмарми)
Incorrect: She told me that she will come the next day.
Correct: She told me that she would come the next day. (рмнрнБрм▓: рмХрм╛рм│ рмкрм░рм┐рммрм░рнНрмдрнНрмдрми)
Incorrect: I asked him that if he was ill.
Correct: I asked him if he was ill. (рмнрнБрм▓: 'that'рм░ рмЕрмирм╛рммрм╢рнНрнЯрмХ рммрнНрнЯрммрм╣рм╛рм░)
Incorrect: He said that he has finished his work.
Correct: He said that he had finished his work. (рмнрнБрм▓: рмХрм╛рм│ рмкрм░рм┐рммрм░рнНрмдрнНрмдрми)
Incorrect: The teacher ordered the boy don't make a noise.
Correct: The teacher ordered the boy not to make a noise. (рмнрнБрм▓: Imperative рмЧрмарми)
Incorrect: He said that he must go now.
Correct: He said that he had to go then. (рмнрнБрм▓: Adverb рмкрм░рм┐рммрм░рнНрмдрнНрмдрми)
Incorrect: She asked me where did I live.
Correct: She asked me where I lived. (рмнрнБрм▓: рмкрнНрм░рм╢рнНрмирммрм╛рмЪрмХ рмЧрмарми)
Incorrect: He told me to not waste my time.
Correct: He told me not to waste my time. (рмнрнБрм▓: Infinitive рмЧрмарми)
Incorrect: He says that he was fine.
Correct: He says that he is fine. (рмнрнБрм▓: Reporting verb 'says' рм╕рм╣ рмХрм╛рм│ рмкрм░рм┐рммрм░рнНрмдрнНрмдрми)
Incorrect: She exclaimed that what a fine picture it was.
Correct: She exclaimed that it was a very fine picture. (рмнрнБрм▓: Exclamatory рмЧрмарми)
Incorrect: He told that he was busy.
Correct: He said that he was busy. (or He told me that he was busy.) (рмнрнБрм▓: 'told' рмкрм░рнЗ object рмжрм░рмХрм╛рм░)
Incorrect: I asked him he can come.
Correct: I asked him if he could come. (рмнрнБрм▓: 'if' рмПрммрмВ modal рмкрм░рм┐рммрм░рнНрмдрнНрмдрми)
Incorrect: He said that he had come yesterday.
Correct: He said that he had come the previous day (or the day before). (рмнрнБрм▓: Adverb рмкрм░рм┐рммрм░рнНрмдрнНрмдрми)
Incorrect: They said that they are happy.
Correct: They said that they were happy. (рмнрнБрм▓: рмХрм╛рм│ рмкрм░рм┐рммрм░рнНрмдрнНрмдрми)
Incorrect: He suggested to go for a walk.
Correct: He suggested going for a walk. (рмнрнБрм▓: 'suggest' рмкрм░рнЗ Gerund рммрм╛ 'that' clause)
тЬНя╕П Activity G: Conversation Reporting
Instructions (English): Report the following short dialogue in indirect speech. Instructions (Odia): рмирм┐рморнНрмирм▓рм┐рмЦрм┐рмд рмХрнНрм╖рнБрмжрнНрм░ рмХрмернЛрмкрмХрмермирмХрнБ рмкрм░рнЛрмХрнНрм╖ рмЙрмХрнНрмдрм┐рм░рнЗ рм░рм┐рмкрнЛрм░рнНрмЯ рмХрм░рмирнНрмдрнБред
Dialogue 1: Ravi: "Where are you going?" Sita: "I am going to the market. I have to buy some vegetables."
Report: Ravi asked Sita where she was going. Sita replied that she was going to the market and added that she had to buy some vegetables. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм░рммрм┐ рм╕рнАрмдрм╛рмХрнБ рмкрмЪрм╛рм░рм┐рм▓рм╛ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗ рмХрнЗрмЙрмБрмарм╛рмХрнБ рмпрм╛рмЙрмЫрм┐ред рм╕рнАрмдрм╛ рмЙрмдрнНрмдрм░ рмжрнЗрм▓рм╛ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗ рммрмЬрм╛рм░ рмпрм╛рмЙрмЫрм┐ рмПрммрмВ рмЖрм╣рнБрм░рм┐ рмормзрнНрнЯ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рм╛ рмпрнЗ рмдрм╛рмХрнБ рмХрм┐рмЫрм┐ рмкрмирм┐рмкрм░рм┐рммрм╛ рмХрм┐рмгрм┐рммрм╛рм░ рмЕрмЫрм┐ред)
Dialogue 2: Teacher: "Why were you absent yesterday?" Student: "My mother was ill, so I had to stay at home." Teacher: "Don't worry. Submit your homework tomorrow."
Report: The teacher asked the student why he/she had been absent the previous day. The student replied that his/her mother had been ill, so he/she had had to stay at home. The teacher told him/her not to worry and to submit his/her homework the next day. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╢рм┐рмХрнНрм╖рмХ рмЫрм╛рмдрнНрм░рмХрнБ рмкрмЪрм╛рм░рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗ рмкрнВрм░рнНрммрмжрм┐рми рмХрм╛рм╣рм┐рмБрмХрм┐ рмЕрмирнБрмкрм╕рнНрмерм┐рмд рмерм┐рм▓рм╛ред рмЫрм╛рмдрнНрм░ рмЙрмдрнНрмдрм░ рмжрнЗрм▓рм╛ рмпрнЗ рмдрм╛тАЩ рморм╛' рмЕрм╕рнБрм╕рнНрме рмерм┐рм▓рнЗ, рмдрнЗрмгрнБ рмдрм╛рмХрнБ рмШрм░рнЗ рм░рм╣рм┐рммрм╛рмХрнБ рмкрмбрм┐рмерм┐рм▓рм╛ред рм╢рм┐рмХрнНрм╖рмХ рмдрм╛рмХрнБ рмЪрм┐рмирнНрмдрм╛ рми рмХрм░рм┐рммрм╛рмХрнБ рмПрммрмВ рмкрм░рмжрм┐рми рмдрм╛тАЩрм░ рмЧрнГрм╣рмХрм╛рм░рнНрмпрнНрнЯ рмжрм╛рмЦрм▓ рмХрм░рм┐рммрм╛рмХрнБ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рнЗред)
Dialogue 3: He said to me, "Can you help me? My car has broken down." I said, "Yes, I can."
Report: He asked me if I could help him, explaining that his car had broken down. I replied that I could (or I replied in the affirmative). (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рморнЛрмдрнЗ рмкрмЪрм╛рм░рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рморнБрмБ рмдрм╛рмЩрнНрмХрнБ рм╕рм╛рм╣рм╛рмпрнНрнЯ рмХрм░рм┐рмкрм╛рм░рм┐рммрм┐ рмХрм┐, рмХрм╛рм░рмг рмдрм╛рмЩрнНрмХ рмХрм╛рм░ рмЦрм░рм╛рмк рм╣рнЛрмЗрмпрм╛рмЗрмерм┐рм▓рм╛ред рморнБрмБ рмЙрмдрнНрмдрм░ рмжрнЗрм▓рм┐ рмпрнЗ рморнБрмБ рмХрм░рм┐рмкрм╛рм░рм┐рммрм┐ред)
Dialogue 4: She said, "What a dirty place!" I said, "Yes, it is. Let's not stay here."
Report: She exclaimed that it was a very dirty place. I agreed and suggested that we should not stay there. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рм╕рнЗ рмЖрм╢рнНрмЪрм░рнНрмпрнНрнЯ рм╣рнЛрмЗ рмХрм╣рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рмПрм╣рм╛ рмПрмХ рммрм╣рнБрмд рмЕрмкрм░рм┐рм╖рнНрмХрм╛рм░ рм╕рнНрмерм╛рми рмерм┐рм▓рм╛ред рморнБрмБ рм╕рм╣рмормд рм╣рнЗрм▓рм┐ рмПрммрмВ рм╕рнЗрмарм╛рм░рнЗ рми рм░рм╣рм┐рммрм╛рмХрнБ рмкрнНрм░рм╕рнНрмдрм╛рмм рмжрнЗрм▓рм┐ред)
Dialogue 5: Father: "Have you finished your studies?" Son: "No, I haven't." Father: "Go and finish them at once."
Report: The father asked his son if he had finished his studies. The son replied that he hadn't. The father then ordered him to go and finish them at once. (рмУрмбрм╝рм┐рмЖ: рммрм╛рмкрм╛ рмдрм╛рмЩрнНрмХ рмкрнБрмЕрмХрнБ рмкрмЪрм╛рм░рм┐рм▓рнЗ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗ рмдрм╛'рм░ рмкрм╛рмармкрмврм╛ рм╕рм╛рм░рм┐рмЫрм┐ рмХрм┐ред рмкрнБрмЕ рмЙрмдрнНрмдрм░ рмжрнЗрм▓рм╛ рмпрнЗ рм╕рнЗ рм╕рм╛рм░рм┐рмирм╛рм╣рм┐рмБред рмдрм╛тАЩрмкрм░рнЗ рммрм╛рмкрм╛ рмдрм╛рмХрнБ рмпрм╛рмЗ рмдрнБрм░рмирнНрмд рм╕рнЗрмЧрнБрмбрм╝рм┐рмХ рм╕рм╛рм░рм┐рммрм╛рмХрнБ рмЖрмжрнЗрм╢ рмжрнЗрм▓рнЗред)