Noun Clauses and Relative Clauses тАУ Book Q A Class 10 English Grammar
ЁЯФЧ Activity 1 (Relative Clauses)
Instructions (English): Combine the following pairs of sentences using one of them as a relative clause.
Instructions (Odia): рмирм┐рморнНрмирм▓рм┐рмЦрм┐рмд рммрм╛рмХрнНрнЯ рмпрнЛрмбрм┐рмЧрнБрмбрм┐рмХрнБ рмЧрнЛрмЯрм┐рмП relative clause рмнрм╛рммрнЗ рммрнНрнЯрммрм╣рм╛рм░ рмХрм░рм┐ рморм┐рм╢рнНрм░рмг рмХрм░рмирнНрмдрнБред
1. The birds are chirping. + The birds live in the neighbourhood.
Answer: The birds that (or which) live in the neighbourhood are chirping.
2. I write with the pen. + My father bought the pen for me.
Answer: I write with the pen that (or which) my father bought for me.
3. The sick were delighted. + Florence Nightingale nursed the sick.
Answer: The sick whom Florence Nightingale nursed were delighted.
4. I like the man. + The man has a smiling face.
Answer: I like the man who has a smiling face.
5. The thief escaped in the dark. + The thief had robbed me.
Answer: The thief who had robbed me escaped in the dark.
6. The boy is our monitor. + I have borrowed his book.
Answer: The boy whose book I have borrowed is our monitor.
7. The chair has a cracked leg. + He is sitting in the chair.
Answer: The chair in which he is sitting has a cracked leg. (or The chair (that) he is sitting in has a cracked leg.)
тЬВя╕П Activity 2 (Relative Clauses)
Instructions (English): In some of the following sentences the relative pronoun can be dropped. Rewrite those sentences without the relative pronouns.
Instructions (Odia): рмирм┐рморнНрмирм▓рм┐рмЦрм┐рмд рмХрнЗрмдрнЗрмХ рммрм╛рмХрнНрнЯрм░рнЗ relative pronoun рмХрнБ рммрм╛рмжрнН рмжрм┐рмЖрмпрм╛рмЗрмкрм╛рм░рнЗред рм╕рнЗрм╣рм┐ рммрм╛рмХрнНрнЯрмЧрнБрмбрм╝рм┐рмХрнБ relative pronoun рммрм┐рмирм╛ рмкрнБрмирм░рнНрм▓рм┐рмЦрми рмХрм░рмирнНрмдрнБред
1. The children who are playing cricket live in this locality.
Answer: (Cannot be dropped - 'who' is the subject) No change.
2. I have read the story book that my father bought yesterday.
Answer: I have read the story book my father bought yesterday.
3. The shopkeeper who I was working for is a good person.
Answer: The shopkeeper I was working for is a good person.
4. It is the best possible explanation that we can give about Socrates.
Answer: It is the best possible explanation we can give about Socrates.
5. The only question that drew everybody's attention is worth discussing.
Answer: (Cannot be dropped - 'that' is the subject) No change.
6. Our school, which works for the young people of our area, is highly popular.
Answer: (Cannot be dropped - Non-defining) No change.
7. Pramod, who is my classmate, is very sincere.
Answer: (Cannot be dropped - Non-defining) No change.
8. The travellers who knew about the floods took another road.
Answer: (Cannot be dropped - 'who' is the subject) No change.
9. The travellers, who knew about the floods, took another road.
Answer: (Cannot be dropped - Non-defining) No change.
10. The man that Mohan was talking to is his uncle.
Answer: The man Mohan was talking to is his uncle.
11. The music which we were listening to was a 16th century devotional song.
Answer: The music we were listening to was a 16th century devotional song.
12. I write with the pen which my father bought.
Answer: I write with the pen my father bought.
ЁЯТм Activity 3 (Relative Clauses)
Instructions (English): Define the terms as given in the example.
Instructions (Odia): рмЙрмжрм╛рм╣рм░рмгрм░рнЗ рмжрм┐рмЖрмпрм╛рмЗрмерм┐рммрм╛ рмкрм░рм┐ рм╕рмВрмЬрнНрмЮрм╛ рмирм┐рм░рнВрмкрмг рмХрм░рмирнНрмдрнБред
1. A driver is a person who...
Answer: ...drives a vehicle. (рмпрм┐рмП рмПрмХ рмЧрм╛рмбрм┐ рмЪрм▓рм╛рмПред)
2. An actor is a person who...
Answer: ...acts in plays or films. (рмпрм┐рмП рмирм╛рмЯрмХ рмХрм┐рморнНрммрм╛ рмЪрм│рмЪрнНрмЪрм┐рмдрнНрм░рм░рнЗ рмЕрмнрм┐рмирнЯ рмХрм░рнЗред)
3. A journalist is a person who...
Answer: ...writes for newspapers or magazines. (рмпрм┐рмП рмЦрммрм░рмХрм╛рмЧрмЬ рмХрм┐рморнНрммрм╛ рмкрмдрнНрм░рм┐рмХрм╛ рмкрм╛рмЗрмБ рм▓рнЗрмЦрнЗред)
4. A farmer is a person who...
Answer: ...cultivates land. (рмпрм┐рмП рмЬрморм┐ рмЪрм╛рм╖ рмХрм░рнЗред)
5. A patient is a person who...
Answer: ...is receiving medical treatment. (рмпрм┐рмП рмбрм╛рмХрнНрмдрм░рнА рмЪрм┐рмХрм┐рмдрнНрм╕рм╛ рмЧрнНрм░рм╣рмг рмХрм░рнБрмЫрм┐ред)
6. A newspaper is a document in which...
Answer: ...news is printed. (рмпрнЗрмЙрмБрмерм┐рм░рнЗ рмЦрммрм░ рмЫрмкрм╛рмпрм╛рмПред)
7. A conductor is a person who...
Answer: ...collects fares on a bus. (рмпрм┐рмП рммрм╕рнНтАМрм░рнЗ рмнрмбрм╛ рм╕рмВрмЧрнНрм░рм╣ рмХрм░рнЗред)
8. A teacher is a person who...
Answer: ...teaches students. (рмпрм┐рмП рмЫрм╛рмдрнНрм░рморм╛рмирмЩрнНрмХрнБ рмкрмврм╛рмПред)
9. A plumber is a person who...
Answer: ...fits and repairs water pipes. (рмпрм┐рмП рмкрм╛рмгрм┐ рмкрм╛рмЗрмкрнН рм▓рмЧрм╛рмП рмУ рморм░рм╛рмормдрм┐ рмХрм░рнЗред)
10. A doctor is a person who...
Answer: ...treats sick people. (рмпрм┐рмП рмЕрм╕рнБрм╕рнНрме рм▓рнЛрмХрмЩрнНрмХрм░ рмЪрм┐рмХрм┐рмдрнНрм╕рм╛ рмХрм░рнЗред)
11. A hospital is a place where...
Answer: ...sick people are treated. (рмпрнЗрмЙрмБрмарм╛рм░рнЗ рмЕрм╕рнБрм╕рнНрме рм▓рнЛрмХрмЩрнНрмХрм░ рмЪрм┐рмХрм┐рмдрнНрм╕рм╛ рмХрм░рм╛рмпрм╛рмПред)
12. A transitive verb is a verb which...
Answer: ...requires an object. (рмпрм╛рм╣рм╛ рмПрмХ рмХрм░рнНрмо (object) рмЖрммрм╢рнНрнЯрмХ рмХрм░рнЗред)
ЁЯзй Activity 4 (Relative Clauses)
Instructions (English): Match the columns to form proverbs.
Instructions (Odia): рм╕рнНрмдрморнНрмнрмЧрнБрмбрм╝рм┐рмХрнБ рморм┐рм│рм╛рмЗ рмкрнНрм░рммрм╛рмж рмЧрмарми рмХрм░рмирнНрмдрнБред
|
A |
B |
C |
D |
|
All |
that |
glitters |
is not gold. |
|
People |
who |
live in glass houses |
should not throw stones. |
|
All's well |
that |
ends |
well. |
|
He |
who |
pays the piper |
calls the tune. |
|
He |
who |
laughs last |
laughs best. |
|
It's a long lane |
that |
has no turning |
(D) |
|
It's an ill wind |
that |
blows nobody |
any good. |
|
There are no one so deaf as those |
who |
do not want |
to hear. |
|
The family |
that |
prays together |
stays together. |
ЁЯзР Activity 5 (Relative Clauses)
Instructions (English): Underline the relative clauses in the following sentences. Write D for defining and N for non-defining relative clauses.
Instructions (Odia): рмирм┐рморнНрмирм▓рм┐рмЦрм┐рмд рммрм╛рмХрнНрнЯрмЧрнБрмбрм╝рм┐рмХрм░рнЗ relative clause рмЧрнБрмбрм╝рм┐рмХрнБ рм░рнЗрмЦрм╛рмЩрнНрмХрм┐рмд рмХрм░рмирнНрмдрнБред Defining (рм╕рнАрморм┐рмдрмХрм╛рм░рнА) рмкрм╛рмЗрмБ D рмПрммрмВ Non-defining (рмЕрмг-рм╕рнАрморм┐рмдрмХрм╛рм░рнА) рмкрм╛рмЗрмБ N рм▓рнЗрмЦрмирнНрмдрнБред
1. A green grocer is a person who sells fruits and vegetables.
Answer: D
2. Bhola, who is a green grocer, goes to the fields every morning.
Answer: N
3. What is the name of your friend who often comes to our house?
Answer: D
4. Where does Amit, who often comes to our house, live?
Answer: N
5. My uncle who is a judge is coming here tomorrow.
Answer: D
6. My uncle, who is a judge, is coming here tomorrow.
Answer: N
7. My father, who is a teacher, loves to talk.
Answer: N
8. Uneasy lies the head that wears a crown.
Answer: D
9. We love the man who thinks of our welfare.
Answer: D
10. We call Uncle Bhola, who thinks of our welfare, as the Gandhi of our village.
Answer: N
тЬПя╕П Activity 6 (Relative Clauses)
Instructions (English): Put commas in the following sentences, if they are necessary.
Instructions (Odia): рмпрмжрм┐ рмЖрммрм╢рнНрнЯрмХ рм╣рнБрмП, рмирм┐рморнНрмирм▓рм┐рмЦрм┐рмд рммрм╛рмХрнНрнЯрмЧрнБрмбрм╝рм┐рмХрм░рнЗ рмХрморм╛ (,) рмЪрм┐рм╣рнНрми рмжрм┐рмЕрмирнНрмдрнБред
1. The man whom the police arrested is not known to us.
Answer: (No commas needed)
2. The strike at the factory which lasted ten days is over now.
Answer: (No commas needed)
3. My father who is working at Koraput is a doctor.
Answer: My father , who is working at Koraput , is a doctor.
4. I have found the book which I was looking for.
Answer: (No commas needed)
5. Mira's grandmother who is sick is in hospital now.
Answer: Mira's grandmother , who is sick , is in hospital now.
6. Einstein who discovered the theory of relativity once failed in an examination.
Answer: Einstein , who discovered the theory of relativity , once failed in an examination.
7. Engineer Choudhury who got this bridge built is on a visit to our village.
Answer: Engineer Choudhury , who got this bridge built , is on a visit to our village.
8. Mother Teresa who faithfully served the poor is called a saint now.
Answer: Mother Teresa , who faithfully served the poor , is called a saint now.
9. He has stopped attending classes which is unfortunate.
Answer: He has stopped attending classes , which is unfortunate.
10. The chairman of the committee who is impartial solves all problems cleverly.
Answer: The chairman of the committee , who is impartial , solves all problems cleverly.
ЁЯЦКя╕П Activity 7 (Relative Clauses)
Instructions (English): Fill in the blanks with relative pronouns such as who, which, where, whose, that, etc.
Instructions (Odia): who, which, where, whose, that рмЗрмдрнНрнЯрм╛рмжрм┐ relative pronoun рммрнНрнЯрммрм╣рм╛рм░ рмХрм░рм┐ рм╢рнВрмирнНрнЯрм╕рнНрмерм╛рми рмкрнВрм░рмг рмХрм░рмирнНрмдрнБред
1. The house in _____ I lived as a child has been pulled down now.
Answer: which
2. My grandmother, _____ was an extraordinary woman, lived to the age of one hundred.
Answer: who
3. Stop him! He's the man _____ stole my purse.
Answer: who / that
4. They have invented a television set _____ is as small as a watch.
Answer: which / that
5. There are many people _____ lives have been spoilt by this factory.
Answer: whose
6. Is that the button _____ you pressed?
Answer: that / which
7. Could everybody _____ answer sheets are with me raise their hands?
Answer: whose
8. That scientist has invented a kind of ink _____ is visible in darkness.
Answer: which / that
ЁЯдЭ Activity 8 (Relative Clauses)
Instructions (English): Work in pairs. Think of a puzzle whose answer you know. The clue you give must have a relative clause.
Instructions (Odia): рмпрнЛрмбрм┐рм░рнЗ рмХрм╛рмо рмХрм░рмирнНрмдрнБред рмПрмХ рмкрм╣рнЗрм│рм┐ рмнрм╛рммрмирнНрмдрнБ рмпрм╛рм╣рм╛рм░ рмЙрмдрнНрмдрм░ рмЖрмкрмг рмЬрм╛рмгрм┐рмЫрмирнНрмдрм┐ред рмЖрмкрмг рмжрнЗрмЙрмерм┐рммрм╛ рм╕рнВрмдрнНрм░рм░рнЗ рмПрмХ relative clause рмерм┐рммрм╛ рмЖрммрм╢рнНрнЯрмХред
Note: This is a classroom activity and does not have a single "correct" answer. The goal is to practice creating definitions using relative clauses.
рм╕рнВрмЪрмирм╛: рмПрм╣рм╛ рмПрмХ рм╢рнНрм░рнЗрмгрнАрмЧрнГрм╣ рмХрм╛рм░рнНрмпрнНрнЯрмХрм│рм╛рмк рмПрммрмВ рмПрм╣рм╛рм░ рмХрнМрмгрм╕рм┐ рмЧрнЛрмЯрм┐рмП "рм╕рмарм┐рмХрнН" рмЙрмдрнНрмдрм░ рмирм╛рм╣рм┐рмБред Relative clause рммрнНрнЯрммрм╣рм╛рм░ рмХрм░рм┐ рм╕рмВрмЬрнНрмЮрм╛ рмдрм┐рмЖрм░рм┐ рмХрм░рм┐рммрм╛ рм╣рнЗрмЙрмЫрм┐ рмПрм╣рм╛рм░ рмЙрмжрнНрмжрнЗрм╢рнНрнЯред
Example 1:
Student A: "It is an animal which lives in the jungle and is called the king." (рмПрм╣рм╛ рмПрмХ рмкрм╢рнБ рмпрм┐рмП рмЬрмЩрнНрмЧрм▓рм░рнЗ рм░рм╣рнЗ рмПрммрмВ рм░рм╛рмЬрм╛ рмХрнБрм╣рм╛рмпрм╛рмПред)
Student B: "Lion!"
Example 2:
Student A: "It is a thing that we use to write on a blackboard." (рмПрм╣рм╛ рмПрмХ рмЬрм┐рмирм┐рм╖ рмпрм╛рм╣рм╛рмХрнБ рмЖрморнЗ рмХрм│рм╛рмкрмЯрм╛рм░рнЗ рм▓рнЗрмЦрм┐рммрм╛ рмкрм╛рмЗрмБ рммрнНрнЯрммрм╣рм╛рм░ рмХрм░рнБред)
Student B: "Chalk!"